通过心率/心率变异性指导因材施教提高模拟飞行训练成绩

目的 探索通过对心率和心率变异性指标客观评估指导因材施教提高模拟飞行训练成绩的方法。 方法 航空航天医学专业32名男性本科学员在模拟飞行实践课学习初期进行考核，记录心电数据，并通过专家打分法记录考核成绩。根据着陆和静息态LFnu的比值将学员分为过度紧张组和适度紧张组，过度紧张组在常规教学外，增加针对性训练，最终考核时再次测量所有学员的心电数据和进行专家打分。通过对比两次考核的飞行分数和心率/心率变异性指标，评估因材施教的教学效果。 结果 通过因材施教的教学方式，最终考核时，同一飞行阶段两组学员心率不存在显著性差异，心率变异性指标的显著性差异相较初期考核时明显减少，两组学员专家评分无明显差异，过度紧张组学员平均分数提高幅度高于适度紧张组。 结论 采用心率变异性指标对学员进行分组并开展因材施教，能够有效提高过度紧张组学员模拟飞行成绩，为进一步改进航空航天医学专业学员模拟飞行实践课教学效果提供经验。

Improve the performance of simulated flight training by teaching students according to their aptitude under the guidance of heart rate/heart rate variability

AIM To explore the use of heart rate variability indicators for objective evaluation in simulated flight practice classes and the teaching effect of aptitude-based instruction. METHODS Thirty-two male undergraduate students majoring in aerospace medicine were assessed at the initial stage of learning simulated flight by expert scoring method and recorded ECG data. According to the ratio of landing and resting LFnu, the students were divided into excessive tension group and moderate tension group, and they were given aptitude-based instruction. By the end of the targeted training, ECG data were measured again in the final assessment and the students were scored by experts again. By comparing the flight scores and HR/HRV indexes of the two examinations, the effectiveness of aptitude-based instruction was assessed. RESULTS In the final assessment, there was no significant difference in heart rate between the two groups in the same flight stage, and the significant difference in heart rate variability indexes were significantly lower than that in the initial assessment. There was no significant difference in the final assessment expert scores between the two groups. The enhanced score in excessive tension group was higher than that in moderate tension group. CONCLUSION The use of heart rate variability index to group students and aptitude-based instruction in simulated flight practice classes can effectively improve the flight simulation performance of students in excessive tension group and provide experience for further improving the teaching effect of flight simulation practice courses for students majoring in aerospace medicine.