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Aortic and coronary calcifications in Takayasu arteritis
Authors:Emire Seyahi  Ayca Ucgul  Deniz Cebi Olgun  Serdal Ugurlu  Canan Akman  Onur Tutar  Sebahattin Yurdakul  Hasan Yazici
Institution:1. Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey;2. Department of Internal Medicine, Cizre State Hospital, Sirnak, Turkey;3. Department of Radiology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey
Abstract:

Objectives

Atherosclerosis is well recognized in Takayasu arteritis (TAK) and the associated plaques tend to be more common in areas of arteritis. We now report arterial wall calcification in a large group of TAK patients and controls. We hypothesized that the degree of coronary artery calcification would point to a systemic effect of inflammation while that in the thoracic aorta more of local inflammation.

Methods

A total of 47 patients with TAK, 43 patients with SLE and 70 healthy controls (HC) were studied. The presence of coronary artery and thoracic aorta calcifications (ToAC) was investigated by multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT). Atherosclerotic plaques in the carotid arteries were screened using B mode ultrasound.

Results

The frequency of coronary artery calcification was significantly increased among patients with SLE as compared to the healthy controls while the increase in TAK did not reach statistical significance. There were more TAK patients with ToAC among the TAK as compared to the SLE patients 21/47 (45%) vs 10/43 (23%), P = 0.033]. In addition, a circumferential type of calcification, vs a punctuate or linear type, was the more common type in 67% of patients with TAK whereas only the linear or punctuate type was seen in SLE patients and HC. SLE and TAK patients were found to have increased risk for carotid artery plaques. Among TAK patients, coronary artery calcification, ToAC and carotid artery plaques tend to be at sites of primary vasculitic involvement.

Conclusions

There is increased atherosclerosis in TAK and SLE. Vessel wall inflammation seems to be also important in the atherosclerosis associated with TAK.
Keywords:Atherosclerosis  Takayasu arteritis  Carotid artery plaques  Coronary artery calcification  Thoracic aorta calcification  MDCT  USG
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