苦杏仁苷对二甲基亚硝胺诱导的大鼠肝纤维化的防治作用

目的：探讨苦杏仁苷对二甲基亚硝胺（DMN）诱导的大鼠肝纤维化的防治作用。方法：采用Wistar雄性大鼠,以腹腔注射DMN诱导大鼠肝纤维化模型。在造模4周后,将造模大鼠按体重分层随机分为模型组、苦杏仁苷组及对照药秋水仙碱组,每组10只,灌胃用药两周后取材。观察检测以下指标：①末次体重、肝脾比值;②肝组织羟脯氨酸含量;③肝功能指标：血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、谷胺酰转肽酶（GGT）活性;白蛋白（Alb）、总胆红素（TBil）含量;④肝组织天狼星红染色及HE染色;⑤肝组织脂质过氧化指标：超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）、还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）。结果：①模型组大鼠肝组织羟脯氨酸含量与正常组相比显著升高（P〈0.01）;与模型组相比,苦杏仁苷及秋水仙碱治疗组大鼠肝组织羟脯氨酸含量显著降低（P〈0.01）;②天狼星红染色显示模型组大鼠窦周胶原沉积明显,肝小叶间形成较厚汇管区和中央静脉间的纤维间隔,可见较多完整的假小叶,HE染色结果显示模型组大鼠肝细胞水肿明显,汇管区结缔组织有不同程度增生,肝组织中有炎性细胞浸润,窦壁细胞增生明显;苦杏仁苷治疗组和秋水仙碱对照组与模型组相比炎症缓解、胶原纤维增生程度分期显著降低（P〈0.05）;③模型组大鼠血清ALT、AST、GGT活性及TBil含量显著升高,Alb含量显著降低（P〈0.01）;苦杏仁苷组与秋水仙碱组大鼠血清ALT、AST活性显著降低（P〈0.01或P〈0.05）;④与正常组比较,模型组大鼠肝组织SOD活性、GSH含量及GSH-Px活性显著降低,MDA含量显著升高（P〈0.05）;苦杏仁苷能显著升高模型大鼠肝组织GSH活性（P〈0.05）,秋水仙碱则能显著升高GSH、GSH-Px活性。结论：苦杏仁苷对DMN诱导的大鼠肝纤维化有显著改善作用。

Prevention effects of amygdalin on rat fibrosis induced by dimethylnitrosamine

Objective：To study the prevention effects of amygdalin on rat fibrosis induced by DMN.Methods：Fibrosis model in rats was duplicated with DMN.After being injected with DMN for 4 weeks,model rats were randomly divided into model group,amygdalin treated group and colchicine treated group.Samples were harvested at the end of 6th week after being given corresponding drugs for 2 weeks.The followings were detected： ①The content of liver Hydroxyproline（Hyp）;②The liver pathology（Sirius red staining and HE staining）;③The activity of serum alanine aminotransferase（ALT）,aspartate aminotransferase（AST）,γ-glutamyltransferase（γ-GT） and the content of albumin（Alb）,total bilirubin（TBil） in serum;④The activity of liver superoxide dismutase（SOD）,Glutathione（GSH）,glutathione peroxidase（GSH-Px）and the content of liver maleic dialdehyde（MDA）.Results：①The content of liver Hyp increased significantly in model group,but it significantly decreased in amygdalin treated group and colchicine treated group;②There were serious fibrosis and inflammation in model group.Amygdalin and colchicine can obviously alleviate fibrosis and inflammation;③Activity of serum ALT,AST,γ-GT and content of serum TBil of the model group significantly increased compared with the normal group;ATL and AST decreased significantly in amygdalin treated group and colchicine treated group;④There were significant increases in MDA and significantly decrease in SOD,GSH and GSH-Px.Amygdalin could obviously increase GSH.Colchicine could obviously increase GSH and GSH-Px.Conclusion： Amygdalin has good experimental prevention efficacy on rat fibrosis induced by DMN.