非活动性肺结核并发慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者营养状况及营养风险分析

目的 分析非活动性肺结核并发慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者营养状况及营养风险。方法 采取定点连续抽样的方法抽取2017年1月至2018年5月在哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院呼吸内科住院的356例非活动性肺结核并发COPD患者(观察组)和384例COPD患者(对照组)作为研究对象。收集两组患者基本情况信息(年龄、身高、体质量等)和生化指标(血红蛋白、血清总蛋白、血清白蛋白、血清前白蛋白等)等有关信息。结果 观察组营养风险发生率为36.8%(131/356),明显高于对照组的32.6%(125/384),差异有统计学意义(χ²=18.350,P=0.000)。观察组住院时间为(12.6±4.4)d,明显长于对照组的(11.5±5.1)d,差异有统计学意义(t=3.097,P=0.002)。观察组血红蛋白、总蛋白、白蛋白及前白蛋白水平分别为(114.3±10.4)g/L、(55.0±7.9)g/L、(29.7±4.6)g/L、(112.6±35.0)mg/L,均明显低于对照组分别为(117.7±9.4)g/L、(58.9±8.0)g/L、(31.0±4.0)g/L、(118.0±35.7)mg/L],差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为4.602、6.631、4.075、2.083,P值分别为0.000、0.000、0.000、0.038)。结论 非活动性肺结核增加COPD患者营养风险发生率并延长患者住院时间,对COPD患者营养指标产生不良影响。

Analysis of status and risk of nutrition of inactive tuberculosis patients complicated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Objective To analyze the status and nutritional risk of nutrition of patients with inactive tuberculosis patients complicated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods A fixed-point continuous sampling method was adopted to sample 356 inactive tuberculosis patients with COPD (observation group) and 384 COPD patients (control group) who were hospitalized in the Department of Respiratory Medicine of the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from January 2017 to May 2018. The basic information (age, height, weight, etc.) and biochemical indicators (hemoglobin, serum total protein, serum albumin, serum prealbumin, etc.) of patients in the two groups were collected. Results The incidence of nutritional risk in the observation group was 36.8% (131/356), which was significantly higher than that in the control group (32.6% (125/384), χ ²=18.350, P=0.000). The length of hospital stay in the observation group was (12.6±4.4) days, which was significantly longer than that of the control group ((11.5±5.1) days, t=3.097, P=0.002). The levels of hemoglobin, total protein, albumin and prealbumin in the observation group were significantly lower than the control group, which were (114.3±10.4) g/L vs. (117.7±9.4) g/L (t=4.602, P=0.000), (55.0±7.9) g/L vs. (58.9±8.0) g/L (t=6.631, P=0.000), (29.7±4.6) g/L vs. (31.0±4.0) g/L (t=4.075, P=0.000), and (112.6±35.0) mg/L vs. (118.0±35.7) mg/L (t=2.083, P=0.038), respectively. Conclusion Inactive tuberculosis increases the incidence of nutritional risk in COPD patients and prolongs the hospital stay, it has an adverse effect on the nutritional indicators of COPD patients.