浙江省儿科医护人员结核病防治认知度横断面调查

目的 了解浙江省儿科医护人员对结核病防治的认知度,为制定儿童结核病防治策略和结核病知识培训计划提供依据。方法 设计匿名在线网络版《儿童结核诊治现状调查问卷》,问卷内容包括各医疗机构儿童结核病诊治现状、对结核病新理论了解情况,以及学生结核病防治情况等3个部分。于2020年3月31日至4月8日选取浙江省设有儿科的各级综合医院、儿童医院、妇幼保健院、公共卫生中心、社区卫生服务中心等医疗机构中的儿科医生和护士为调查对象,共计1609名,进行网络问卷调查,共回收问卷1609份,有效问卷1199份,有效率为74.52%。结果 1199名调查对象中,接受过结核病知识培训者有524名(43.70%);有1148名医护人员(95.75%)认为需要接受结核病知识培训,有51名(4.25%)认为不需要或无所谓。调查对象对“世界结核病防治日”的知晓度最高,为73.31%(879/1199),对《WS 196—2017 结核病分类》”知晓度最低,为48.79%(585/1199);对结核病分类、肺结核分类、结核病的确诊手段、结核感染判断标准和潜伏性结核感染及其预防治疗等5个问题回答的正确率分别为17.76%(213/1199)、9.92%(119/1199)、36.78%(441/1199)、43.62%(523/1199)和57.46%(689/1199)。调查对象中,知道“学生结核病管理要点”的仅有134名(11.18%),对于“新生入学是否需进行结核病筛查、对密切接触的同学是否需进行结核菌素纯蛋白衍生物(PPD)等筛查、儿科医师是否参与学生结核病防控工作方面”等3个问题支持率,临床医师分别为90.43%(737/815)、95.83%(781/815)和94.11%(767/815),护理人员分别为92.71%(356/384)、95.83%(368/384)和94.27%(362/384)。结论 儿科医护人员对学生结核病防治认知度高,而对结核病防治政策知晓度和结核病诊疗知识掌握程度不理想。儿科医护人员应通过各种方式学习掌握结核病防治新知识、新理论,提高诊治水平,积极参与儿童结核病的防控。

A cross-sectional survey of the awareness of pediatric medical personnel on tuberculosis prevention and control in Zhejiang province

Objective To investigate the awareness of pediatric medical personnel on tuberculosis prevention and control in Zhejiang province, and provide basement for formulating the strategy for prevention and treatment of pediatric tuberculosis and the tuberculosis training plan. Methods The anonymous online questionnaire of “The status of diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis in childhood” includes three parts, the status of the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis in children in medical institutions, the awareness of the new theory of tuberculosis, and the prevention and control of tuberculosis in students. A total of 1609 pediatric doctors and nursesfrom the general hospitals with pediatrics, children’s hospitals, maternal and child health hospitals, public health centers and community health service centers at all levels in zhejiang province were selected between March 31 to April 8, 2020. Of the 1609 questionnaires, 1199 were valid, the effective rate was 74.52%. Results Among the 1199 respondents, 524 (43.70%) had received tuberculosis knowledge training; 1148 (95.75%) considered that it was necessary to receive tuberculosis knowledge training, while 51 (4.25%) considered that it was unnecessary or irrelevant. “World Tuberculosis Day” was best known (73.31%, 879/1199), while the number of respondents who know “Tuberculosis classification (WS 196-2017)” was smallest (48.79%, 585/1199). The correct ratios of answers to the five questions including tuberculosis classification, pulmonary tuberculosis classification, diagnosis methods of tuberculosis, criteria of tuberculosis infection, as well as latent tuberculosis infection and the prevention and treatment for it were 17.76% (213/1199), 9.92% (119/1199), 36.78% (441/1199), 43.62% (523/1199) and 57.46% (689/1199), respectively. Of the respondents, only 134 (11.18%) knew “key points of student tuberculosis management”. There were 90.43% (737/815), 95.83% (781/815) and 94.11% (767/815) of the pediatricians supported whether new students need tuberculosis screening, whether close contact classmates need to be screened by tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD), and whether pediatricians need to participate in prevention and control of tuberculosis in studentswhile the rates in nurses were 92.71% (356/384), 95.83% (368/384) and 94.27% (362/384), respectively. Conclusionediatric medical personnel had high awareness of prevention and treatment of tuberculosis in students; however, the awareness of tuberculosis prevention and treatment policies and the knowledge of tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment were not satisfactory. Pediatric medical personnel should strengthen the training of tuberculosis prevention and control, improve the diagnosis and treatment level, and actively participate the prevention and control of tuberculosis in children.