2015—2017年西安口岸出入境人员结核病监测情况分析

目的 了解西安口岸出入境人员活动性肺结核的监测情况,为开展口岸结核病防控提供依据。方法 以2015—2017年在西安口岸出入境时进行健康体检的所有人员为研究对象,共63368名。根据研究对象在出入境健康体检传染病筛查中胸部X线摄影表现、PPD试验结果和实验室痰涂片联合GeneXpert MTB/RIF技术检测结果进行结核病诊断,分析3年来西安口岸出入境人员在不同时间、流向、性别、年龄、职业或人员类别等特征下结核病的检出情况。结果 3年间共检出活动性肺结核患者106例,检出率167.28/10万(106/63368),其中痰涂片联合GeneXpert MTB/RIF技术检测病原学阳性56例,阳性率52.83%(56/106)。男性活动性肺结核患者检出率191.21/10万(92/48115)]高于女性91.79/10万(14/15253)],两者比较差异有统计学意义(χ ²=6.86,P<0.05);30~岁组活动性肺结核患者检出率最高227.06/10万(46/20259)],<20岁组最低68.55/10万(4/5835)],各年龄组总体差异有统计学意义(χ ²=10.11,P<0.05);出境人员活动性肺结核患者检出率184.79/10万(95/51411)]高于入境人员92.00/10万(11/11957)],差异有统计学意义(χ ²=5.00,P<0.05);不同职业或人员类别中劳务人员活动性肺结核患者检出率最高202.81/10万(89/43883)],留学生最低75.30/10万(7/9296)],总体差异有统计学意义(Fisher确切概率法,P<0.05)。结论 西安口岸出入境人员活动性肺结核疫情较高,需采取综合防控措施加强口岸结核病防控力度,其中30岁左右的劳务人员是防控的重点人群。

Analysis of TB surveillance among entry-exit people in Xi’an port between 2015 and 2017

Objective To understand the surveillance of active pulmonary tuberculosis among entry-exit people in Xi’an port, and to provide evidence for prevention and control of tuberculosis at ports. Methods A total of 63368 people were selected in the health examination at the Xi’an port from January 2015 to December 2017. The chest X-ray findings, PPD and laboratory sputum smears combined with GeneXpert MTB/RIF test results were used to diagnose tuberculosis in the screening of entry-exit people health examination. Analyzing the detection of tuberculosis under the characteristics of different time, personnel flow, gender, age, occupation or personnel category in Xi’an port for 3 years. Results A total of 106 active pulmonary tuberculosis patients were detected in 3 years, the detection rate was 167.28/100000 (106/63368). Fifty-six cases were positive for sputum smear combined with GeneXpert MTB/RIF, and the positive rate was 52.83% (56/106). The detection rate of male active pulmonary tuberculosis patients (191.21/100000 (92/48115))was higher than that of women (91.79/100000 (14/15253)), and the difference was statistically significant (χ ²=6.86,P<0.05); The detection rate in the 30- year-old group was the highest (227.06/100000 (46/20259)), and the lowest in the 20- years old group (68.55/100000 (4/5835)), the overall difference in all age groups was statistically significant (χ ²=10.11,P<0.05); The detection rate of exit personnels (184.79/100000 (95/51411)) was higher than that who were entry (92.00/100000 (11/11957)), and the difference was statistically significant (χ ²=5.00,P<0.05); In different occupations or personnel categories, the highest detection rate was among laborers (202.81/100000 (89/43883)), and the lowest was among students (75.30/100000 (7/9296)), the overall difference was statistically significant (Fisher exact probability test, P<0.05). Conclusion The condition of active pulmonary tuberculosis among entry-exit people in Xi’an port is relatively serious. It is necessary to take measures to strengthen the prevention and control of tuberculosis at the port, and the laborers around 30 years old are the key people under surveillance.