重庆市肺结核可疑症状者就诊延迟及其影响因素研究

目的了解重庆市肺结核可疑症状者就诊延迟程度,探索影响就诊延迟的主要因素,以及流动人口和常住人口间影响因素的差异。方法在重庆市流动人口较多的两个区中,对在随机抽取的20所医疗机构就诊,年龄在15岁以上的肺结核可疑症状者进行问卷调查。结果590份有效问卷中,就诊延迟中位时间为19 d;其中常住人口15 d,流动人口为22．5 d。影响就诊延迟的主要因素有:出现症状后是否愿意就诊、职业、文化程度、结核病史、恩格尔系数、就诊点远近、有无医疗保障、婚姻状况和性别。结论肺结核可疑症状者就诊延迟较为严重;影响其就诊延迟的主要因素有出现症状后是否愿意就诊等。采取综合性干预措施,有助于减少肺结核可疑症状者就诊延迟,提高结核病发现率。

Characteristic and impact factors of health-seeking delay of the suspects with pulmonary tuberculosis in Chongqing

Objective To understand the extent of the health-seeking-delay of the suspects with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), and to study it's impact factors on rural to urban migrants and permanent residents in Chongqing City. Methods Twenty health facilities were chosen randomly in two districts of Chongqing City. The questionnaires survey was carried out in TB suspects above 15 years old. Results Of 590 questionnaires, the median of health-seeking delay was 19 days, in which 15 days for permanent residents and 22.5 days for migrants. The main impact factors on health-seeking delay included attitude to sickness, profession, educated degree, TB history, Engel index, distance to health facility, medical guarantee, gender and marriage status. Conclusion The health-seeking delay of the suspects with pulmonary tuberculosis was quite serious. The integrated intervening measures might be helpful to decrease the cases with the health-seeking delay, and raise discovery rate of TB.