武汉市青山区2005-2012年肺结核控制情况分析

目的 了解武汉市青山区2005-2012年结核病控制工作情况，为全区2011-2015年结核病防治规划的实施提供依据。 方法 统计分析武汉市青山区8年的结核病资料、手工季度和年度报表及《中国结核病控制信息系统》数据资料,率的比较采用χ²检验。 结果 2005-2012年青山区登记活动性肺结核患者2848例，其中男2100例，女748例。男性活动性肺结核、新涂阳肺结核、复治涂阳肺结核和涂阴肺结核患者分别为女性患者的2.8倍（2100/748）、3.3倍（949/289）、5.3倍（159/30）和2.3倍（992/429）。初治涂阳和复治涂阳患者均以65～岁组老人为主，共计263例和52例，初治涂阳前三位从高到低依次为65～岁（263例）、45～岁（239例）、55～岁（159例）；而涂阴则由高到低前三位依次为25～岁（268例）、15～岁（259例）、35～岁（242例）；活动性肺结核职业分布上，离退休人员最多（711例)，工人和家政家务及待业人员居第二位(647例)和第三位(489例)。年平均登记率分别为：活动性肺结核78.6/10万，初治涂阳34.2/10万，复治涂阳5.2/10万，涂阴39.2/10万；962例涂阳患者治愈，2008年及以后治愈率达90%及以上。因症就诊患者1073例，结核病防治机构因症就诊的活动性肺结核和涂阳肺结核患者由2005年的41.0%(133/324)和52.6%(70/133）下降到2012年的11.9%（40/336）和47.5%（19/40）；非结核病专科医院查出1477例活动性肺结核和722例涂阳肺结核患者。 结论 武汉市青山区登记活动性肺结核患者男性多于女性，老年离退休患者居多，肺结核患者登记率不高，结核病防治机构因症就诊率下降。

Analysis of tuberculosis control in Qingshan district of Wuhan city from 2005 to 2012

Objective To investigate the tuberculosis control situation in Qingshan district of Wuhan city from 2005 to 2012 in order to provide evidence for the implementation of 5 years TB program between 2011 and 2015. Methods Data was collected through the quarterly and annual TB report and the National TB Information System between 2005 and 2010. χ2 test is used for rates comparison. Results A total of 2848 cases of active pulmonary tuberculosis （APTB） were registered between 2005 and 2012, among which 2100 male and 748 female cases. In terms of the number of APTB, new smear-positive PTB, retreatment smear-positive PTB and smear-negative PTB, male cases were 2.8 （2100/748）, 3.3 （949/289）, 5.3 （159/30） and 2.3 （992/429） times of the female cases. Over 65 years old elderly patients accounted for the largest proportion in both new and retreatment smear positive patients, 263 and 52 cases respectively. Ranking the number of cases in each age group, the first three group were 65- years （52 cases）, 45- years （49 cases） and 55- years （33 cases） for retreatment smear positive cases, while 25- years （268 cases）, 15- years （259 cases）, 35- years （242 cases） were the top three age groups for smear-negative cases. As for the occupational distribution, the retirees were highest up to 711 cases, followed by workers of 647 cases and the housekeeper of 489 cases. The annual average registration rates were 78.6/100 000 for active PTB, 34.2/100 000 for new smear positive PTB, 5.2/100 000 for retreatment PTB and 39.2/100 000 for smear-negative PTB. In total, 962 smear-positive patients were clinically cured between 2005 and 2010 with the cure rates up to more than 90% after 2008. 1073 PTB patients were detected by passive identification. The proportion of active PTB and smear positive PTB detected by passive identification decreased from 41.0% （133/324） and 52.6% （70/133）in 2005 to 11.9%（40/336） and 47.5%（19/40） in 2012, respectively. A total of 1477 cases of active PTB and 722 cases of smear positive PTB were detected by non-TB institutions. Conclusion More TB patients were male and the elderly retirees in Qingshan district. The TB registration rate is not high. The proportion of patients detected by passive identification has declined.