性病门诊就诊者HIV检测情况分析

目的了解性病门诊就诊者HIV感染情况和特征。方法对1993年1月-2003年12月来地坛医院性病门诊自愿检测的16742名就诊者进行了HIV血清检测，采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）和胶体金快速法作为初筛，两项均阳性者应用免疫印迹法进行确认。结果检测出HIV抗体阳性299例，占性病门诊就诊者1．79％（299／16742）。299例中，男204例，女95例。年龄在2．5～57岁之间，其中〈10岁8例，10～19岁19例，20～29岁129例，30～39岁105例，40～49岁28例，〉50岁10例。传播途径以性传播为主，占42．47％（127／299），其中同性传播占6．68％（20／299），异性传播35．79％（107／299）；其次是静脉注射毒品传播，占30．11％（90／299）；再次是输血传播占11．03％（33／299），最后还发现母婴传播12例，占4．01％（12／299）。此外，尚有传播途径不清楚的37例，占12．38％。结论提示HIV在性病门诊就诊人群中感染率较高，且主要经过性途径传播，年龄分布在20～40岁之间。因此，加强性病门诊的HIV检测，加强对青少年的HIV相关知识教育，对预防和控制HIV传播有重要意义。

HIV infection status among clients in STD clinics at Ditan Hospital

Objective To investigate the HIV infection status and characters among clients in STD clinics at Ditan Hospital.Methods A total of 16 742 clients who came to the STD clinic from January 1993 to December 2003 was recruited.HIV antibody was screened by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and the western blot(WB) was administrated for confirmation.Results Of all the subjects studied,299 HIV positives were confirmed.The ratio of male to female was 204:95,and they were aged between 2.5 to 57.8 years old,including 8 cases under 10 years old,and 19 cases were between 10 to 19 years old,and 129 cases were between 20 to 29 year olds,and 105 cases were between 30 to 39 years old,28 cases were between 40 to 49 years old,and 10 cases were more than 50 years old.The major transmission route was sex,which accounted for 42.47%(127/299),while 6.68%(20/299) was through homosexual and 35.79%(107/299) was of bisexual.30.11%(90/299) was infected through intravenous drug use,and 11.03%(33/299) through blood transmission,and 4.01%(12/299) was mother to child transmission.12.38% transmission route remained unknown.Conclusions HIV epidemic in the STD clinics will mainly be spreading among people with sexually promiscuous behaviors,and those affected were mainly people aged between 20 to 40 years old.Hence,it is important to prevent and control HIV transmission among youth and teenagers through enhanced health education and intervention.