老年人认知功能减退影响因素的纵向研究

目的 通过对一个社区居住的老年人群的前瞻性研究，探讨对认知功能随增的或退有重要影响的因素。方法 在北京市５５岁以上的老年与老年前期 群抽取样本，分别于１９９２年和１９９７年测查简易智能量表（ＭＭＳＦ）。结果 基线调查时在正常范围者５年后２４．４％ＭＭＳＥ评分明显下降。多分析证实，基线调查时评分在临界水平者易出现进一步下降；对认知功能痕退有预测作用的因子主要有年龄、受教育程度、地区等人口学因素，健康

Longitudinal observation of the predisposing factors for cognitive change among elderly people in Beijing,China

Objective To analyze the relative important factors affecting cognitive change with aging by longitudinal observation. Methods 1 227 community lived elderly and presenile subjects aged 55 and over were tested with short mental test of Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) both in 1992 and 1997.Other informations about demographic, living, and health condition of the subjects were collected in 1992 and analyzed as potential predictors. Results Among the cognitively intact subjects 24 4% decreased more than 2 points in the 5 year interval on their MMSE achievement. Multivariate analysis showed that those subjects who scored around cutoff points tended to decline further. Other factors which predict deterioration in MMSE included demographic characters as age, educational attainment, and residential area. The health related factors were less important; among these the level of activity of daily living (ADL) in baseline time was a significant predictor, together with the onset of stroke in recent five years. Further observation stratified by age verified that the factors impacting cognitive change among the young, old or very old subjects were somehow dissimilar. Conclusions Important determinants on cognitive decline are age, education and residential area. Failure in physical function and history of cerebrovascular diseases are also predictors of cognitive change, but their impact are weaker than the demographic factors mentioned above.