维生素D抗感染机制研究进展

临床流行病学研究表明,维生素D缺乏与各种感染性疾病风险升高密切相关。近年来研究认为,维生素D是机体抵抗感染的核心调控因子。在人类固有免疫系统和天然黏膜屏障功能中,活性维生素D触发抗微生物信号通路,提高机体细胞免疫功能,对抗和抑制细菌、真菌、病毒等病原微生物引发的感染。同时,活性维生素D也调控超敏反应,减轻器官、组织免疫损伤等病理生理过程。大量研究提示,维生素D从多个方面提高机体的免疫防御能力。对于病毒性疾病的防治,维生素D的抗感染作用应该引起高度重视,但仍需要前瞻性研究进一步证实。本文重点复习综述维生素D抗感染的免疫调控机制。

Research progress on the anti-infectious mechanism of vitamin D

Clinical epidemiological studies have shown that vitamin D deficiency is associated with infectious diseases,which is confirmed by recent studies implying the role of vitamin D as a key regulator of host defense against infections.Bioactive vitamin D triggers antimicrobial pathways against pathogens in mucous membrane and cells of the human innate immune system.In addition,vitamin D also attenuates excessive inflammation and acquired immunity,and thus limits collateral tissue damage.The observed effects of vitamin D on infectious diseases,particularly airway infections,should be addressed in the management of viral infections.Findings from cross-sectional studies should be confirmed by prospective research.In this review,we summarize the current knowledge regarding the effect of vitamin D on innate and acquired host defense against infections.