新疆蜱媒自然疫源性疾病的调查研究

1973～1985年对新疆30余县、市13种生境类型多种自然疫源进行了调查,阐述了主要媒介蜱的生态习性和分布以及与病原体的关系。所调查地区的蜱类隶属5属16种,曾分别从6种蜱体内分离检出森林脑炎病毒、斑点热群立克次体、Q热立克次体、土拉菌,确定了这些疾病在新疆的自然疫源性。对调查地区的人群和家畜的血清抗体检查表明,血清学结果和病原学的发现一致,血清中均有上述疾病的抗体存在。人群森林脑炎抗体阳性率为2.30～20.66％,Q热抗体阳性率3.0～17.5％,斑点热群抗体阳性率2.30～30.95％,野兔热抗体阳性率4.22～13.8％。

INVESTIGATIONS ON TICKS AND TICK-BORNE NATURAL FOCAL INFECTIONS IN XINJIANG

This paper is based on a series of cooperative studies on the distribution of ticks and tick-borne infections carried out in 1973-1975 in the Tianshan Mountainous region and the west desert districts, Mongolian-Xinjiang district Centro-Asian subregion Palaearetic Region. The surveyed areas included various biotopes in the landscapes of forests, grasslands, mountains, plains, semi-deserts, basins and valleys. We surveyed 65 spots belonging to more than 30 towns and cities. About 47500 specimens comprising 5 genera, 16 species of Ixodid ticks were collected, several strains of Tickborne Encephalitis virus from ticks Ixodes persulcatus and Dermacentor marginatus, of Spotted fever rickettsia fram D. nuttalli, D. marginatus and D. niveus, of Coxiella burneti from Hyalomma asiaticum kozlovi, of Franciella tularensis from D. mar ginatus, and 1 strain of rickettsia (undeterminated) from ticks Rhipicephalus tura-nicus were isolated. The results of human serological survey showed that TBE antibody in Manas and Xinyuan, Q-fever antibody in Altay, Beiton, Tacheng and Aksu, Spotted fever antibody in Habahe, Tacheng and Aksu, Tularemia in Altay, Habahe, Jimu-nay, Beiton, Tacheng, Emin and Aksu were positive. Positive results of TBE antibody in cattle in Xinyuan and Manas and in sheep and cattle in Fuhai, Habahe and Bole were demonstrated also. Finally positive results of Tularemia antibody in sheep and cattle in Bole, Altay and Jimunay were determined.