替比夫定或拉米夫定抗乙型肝炎病毒的疗效预测探讨

目的观察替比夫定、拉米夫定治疗24周时对HBV的抑制程度,与治疗1年疗效的相关性,探讨临床实用的疗效预测指标。方法Ⅲ期临床研究,采用随机、对照、双盲、双模拟、多中心设计。共入组慢性乙型肝炎患者332例,其中替比夫定组167例,拉米夫定组165例。根据治疗24周时血清HBV DNA的水平,将患者分为4组：PCR低于检测下限（QL）组（〈300拷贝／ml）、QL-〈10^3拷贝／ml组、10^3-〈10^4拷贝／ml组和≥104拷贝／ml组。结果治疗52周时,替比夫定组血清HBV DNA自基线下降6．2log10,拉米夫定组下降5．4log10,t=3．6,P〈0．01,差异有统计学意义。HBV DNA低于检测下限的比例分别为69．6％和43．4％,χ^2=6．5,P〈0．01,差异有统计学意义。不论替比夫定组还是拉米夫定组治疗24周时HBV DNA水平越低,在52周HBV DNA达到PCR检测不到的水平、HBeAg血清转换和ALT复常的比率越高,48周病毒耐药的发生率越低。24周时替比夫定组HBV DNA低于检测下限的患者在52周时达到HBeAg血清转换的比率为43．3％,≥300拷贝／ml患者为8．8％,χ^2=21．6,P〈0．01,差异有统计学意义。结论替比夫定或拉米夫定治疗24周时,PCR检测不到HBV DNA,提示在52周可达到较佳疗效;24周时病毒水平下降不理想提示发生耐药的可能性增加。24周对HBV DNA的抑制程度可作为1年疗效的预测指标。

The degree of HBV suppression with 24 week telbivudine-or lamivudine-treatment in hepatitis B patients predicts the efficacy of the treatment at week 52

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the possibilities of an association between the degrees of HBV suppression with nucleoside treatments at week 24 and week 52 in hepatitis B patients and to find a useful predictor for treatment efficacy. METHODS: In this phase III, double-blind, multicenter trial, we compared the efficacy of telbivudine treatment with lamivudine treatment in 332 Chinese compensated chronic hepatitis B patients. The patients were randomly assigned to a daily 600 mg telbivudine treatment group or daily 100 mg lamivudine group for 24 weeks. They were then categorized into 4 groups according to their serum HBV DNA levels (copies/ml) at week 24: a PCR-undetectable group (< 300 copies/ml); a QL- < 10(3) copies/ml group; a 10(3)-<10(4) copies/ml group; and a > or = 10(4) copies/ml group. The treatments were continued as they previously had been for another 28 weeks and the patients serum HBV DNA levels were examined again. RESULTS: At week 52, mean reductions of serum HBV DNA were significantly greater in the telbivudine-treated patients than in the lamivudine-treated group (6.2 log10 vs 5.4 log10, t = 3.6, P < 0.01). Viral resistance was twice as common in lamivudine-treated patients compared to those receiving telbivudine. Telbivudine was well-tolerated with an adverse event profile similar to that of lamivudine. The lower the HBV DNA level achieved at week 24, the higher HBV DNA non-detectable by PCR. ALT normalization and HBeAg seroconversion achieved at week 52, and viral resistance at week 48 decreased parallel to the degree of HBV DNA inhibition. CONCLUSION: HBV DNA PCR-undetectable at week 24 in nucleoside-treated hepatitis B patients suggests a better efficacy at week 52 and lower viral resistance at week 48. The degree of suppression of HBV at week 24 may be used as a predictor of 1-year outcome.