黑龙江省第四次结核病流行病学抽样调查报告

目的 了解全省的结核病疫情动态，评价防治措施的效果。为制定2001－2010年结核病防治规划提供科学依据。方法 对0－14岁儿童进行结核菌素试验同时查验卡痕，对≥15岁人群和结核菌素反应阳性的儿童进行胸透，对胸透异常者进行摄片、痰涂片、培养和药敏试验，对两个点进行全人口感染率调查，全部点进行死亡回顾调查，同时对患者进行神经经济状况调查。结果 受检率均达95％以上。活动性肺结核患病率为512／10万、菌阳肺结核患病率为146／10万、涂阳肺结核患病率为121／10万，与1979年相比活动性肺结核患现率年递降率为3.2%，涂阳患病率年递降率为2.0%，与1990年缃比年递降率分别为1.5%和0。农村患病率下降非常缓慢，城市患病率有所回升。结论 全省的结核病疫情居高不下，应引起各级政府的高度重视，加大对结核病防治工作的经济投入，加大执法力度，全面落实DOTS策略。

Report on fourth epidemiological survey for tuberculosi s in Heilongjiang province

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the epidemiological trend of tuberculosis, to evaluate the efficacy of control measures and to provide scientific evidence for provincial 2001 approximately 2010 tuberculosis control programme. METHODS: Tuberculin testing was carried out and BCG scar was examined among 0 approximately 14 years old children; fluroscopy was carried out for >/= 15 years old population and children of tuberculin testing positive; chest X-ray film, sputum smear and culture, drug sensitivity test were done for the patients of fluroscopy abnormal; the survey of tuberculosis infection rate for all population was carried out in 2 investigation points; a retrospective study of tuberculosis mortality was conducted at all investigation points; social economic study was done for the active pulmonary tuberculosis cases. RESULTS: The overall examination rate was more than 95%. The prevalence of active pulmonary tuberculosis was 512/100 000, the prevalence of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis was 121/100 000 and the prevalence of bacteriological positive pulmonary tuberculosis was 146/100 000. In comparison with 1979, the annual reduction rates were 3.2% for the prevalence of active pulmonary tuberculosis and 2.0% for the prevalence of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis.In comparison with 1990, the annual reduction rates were 1.49% and 0, respectively. The prevalence increased slightly in city and decreased slowly in countryside. CONCLUSIONS: The smear positive prevalence has not decreased since 1990. The governments at different levels must pay more attention to tuberculosis control programme, increase the budget, strengthen law management, implement DOTS strategy.