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2000年与1990年儿童支气管哮喘患病率的调查比较
引用本文:全国儿科哮喘协作组.2000年与1990年儿童支气管哮喘患病率的调查比较[J].中华结核和呼吸杂志,2004,27(2):112-116.
作者姓名:全国儿科哮喘协作组
作者单位:National Cooperation Group on Childhood Asthma,China Corresponding Author: CHEN Yu-zhi,Asthma Clinic and Education Center,Capital Institute of Pediatrics,Beijing 100020,China
摘    要:目的 调查儿童哮喘患病率 10年前、后的变化。方法 采用整群抽样调查方法 ,调查2 7个城市 (分为中南、西南、华东、东北、西北、华北六片 ) 0~ 14岁儿童哮喘患病率情况。结果  2 0 0 0年共调查 2 8732 9名儿童中有 4 30 1例 (1 5 0 % )诊断为哮喘 ,其中 35 4 0例 (82 31% )为儿童哮喘 ,76 1例 (17 6 9% )为婴幼儿哮喘 ;1990年调查 399193名儿童中有 36 2 5例 (0 91% )诊断为哮喘 ,其中 2 6 91例 (74 2 3% )为儿童哮喘 ,934例 (2 5 77% )为婴幼儿哮喘。两次调查性别比均为男性占优势 2 0 0 0年男 (14 796 9例 )、女 (13936 0例 )患病数分别为 2 733例 (1 85 % )、15 6 8例 (1 13% ) ,其比值为 1 74∶1.0 0 ;1990年男 (2 10 137例 )、女 (1890 5 6例 )患病数分别为 2 2 6 5例 (1 0 8% )、136 0例 (0 72 % ) ,比值为1 6 7∶1.0 0 ],并且 90 %左右 2 0 0 0年为 90 .30 % (3884 /430 1) ;1990年为 95 .2 6 % (345 3/36 2 5 ) ]在 6岁前发病。 10年前、后患病率上升了 6 4 84 % ;各城市儿童哮喘患病率不同 ,2 0 0 0年上海 (483/14 4 6 8)和重庆 (374 /112 0 0 )最高 ,均为 3 34% ,拉萨 (35 /6 6 76 )最低 ,为 0 5 2 % ;1990年重庆 (199/76 5 1)最高 ,为2 6 0 % ,拉萨 (14 /15 36 0 )最低 ,为 0

关 键 词:哮喘  患病率  流行病  儿童
修稿时间:2003年6月5日

Comparative analysis of the state of asthma prevalence in children from two nation-wide surveys in 1990 and 2000 year
National Cooperation Group on Childhood Asthma,China Corresponding Author: CHEN Yu-zhi,Asthma Clinic and Education Center,Capital Institute of Pediatrics,Beijing ,China.Comparative analysis of the state of asthma prevalence in children from two nation-wide surveys in 1990 and 2000 year[J].Chinese Journal of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases,2004,27(2):112-116.
Authors:National Cooperation Group on Childhood Asthma  China Corresponding Author: CHEN Yu-zhi  Asthma Clinic and Education Center  Capital Institute of Pediatrics  Beijing  China
Institution:Asthma Clinic and Education Center, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China.
Abstract:OBJECTIVE: To find out the prevalence change of asthma in children aged 0 - 14 years during the ten years. METHODS: A nationwide randomized survey, covering 27 cities, 27 identical cities/municipalities were chosen for comparison which were divided into 6 sections: mid-south, southwest districts, east-China section, northeast, northwest and north-China districts. RESULTS: Surveys were exclusively in the urban areas, including a population of 287,329 children aged 0 - 14 years in 2000 and 399,193 children in 1990. 4301(1.50%) were screened out as asthma associated children in 2000. Among them 3540(82.31%) children, aged 3 years or more, were diagnosed as asthma of children; 761 (17.69%) as asthma of infants and young children aged less than 3 years; In 1990, 3625 (0.91%) were diagnosed as asthma, and in which 2691 (74.23%) were children aged 3 years or more, other 934 (25.77%) were aged less than 3 years; And male predominate female the prevalence of male and female are 1.85% (2 733/147 969) and 1.13% (1568/139,360), the rate is 1.74:1.00 in 2000, the prevalence of male and female are 1.08% (2265/210,137) and 0.72% (1360/189,056), the rate is 1.67:1.00 in 1990]. About 90% asthmatic children had onset of wheezing before 6 years old 90.30% (3884/4301) in 2000, and 95.26% (3453/3625) in 1990]. The prevalence of the average asthma of all the 0 - 14 years old asthma population (including asthma of older children and of infants) in 1990 and 2000 is 0.91% and 1.50% respectively. The current prevalence has increased by 64.84%. There was statistically significant difference in asthma prevalence among the 27 cities, in 2000 bring the highest in Shanghai (483/14,468) and Chongqing (374/11,200), both are 3.34%, and the lowest in Lhasa (35/6676), is 0.52%. In 1990, the highest in Chongqing (199/7651) is 2.60%, the lowest in Lhasa (14/15,360) is 0.09%. Two surveys showed that more than 95% patients were treated with antibiotics, and about 35.41% (1523/4301) with the inhaled glucocorticosteroid in 2000, in 1990 it is very rarely. CONCLUSIONS: There has been a significant increasing trend (64.84%) of asthma prevalence during the ten years. >From the data of present survey it was inferred that there has been quite some improvement in the accuracy of diagnosis and in the practice of steroid inhalation therapy by the pediatricians in different cities, but we must generalize the GINA hardly and improve the quality of asthmatic children's lives.
Keywords:Asthma  Prevalence  Epidemiology  Child
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