胆碱能受体拮抗剂、拟肾上腺素药物及哌替啶对兔离体Oddi括约肌功能的影响

目的 探讨胆碱能受体拮抗剂、拟肾上腺素药物及阿片受体激动剂哌替啶对Oddi括约肌舒缩功能的不同效果.方法 将60只健康家兔的离体Oddi括约肌环随机分为6组,每组10只,分别置入正常Krebs液(即正常功能记录组)和按非累积加药法,以浓度递增方式加入阿托品、山莨菪碱、肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素、哌替啶的Krebs液中,观察和比较不同浓度的上述药物对Oddi括约肌的舒缩频率和收缩幅度的影响.结果 与对照组相比,5种药物在其浓度为10-6mol/L～10-2mol/L时,均可明显降低Oddi括约肌的收缩幅度(P＜0.05),而对Oddi括约肌收缩频率的影响则不明显.抑制效应的顺序是去甲肾上腺素＞肾上腺素＞阿托品＞山莨菪碱≈哌替啶.结论 除阿托品和山茛菪碱外,去甲肾上腺素、肾上腺素和哌替啶也同样可以通过降低Oddi括约肌的收缩幅度而松弛Oddi括约肌;肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素对Oddi括约肌收缩幅度的降低作用强于阿托品和山莨菪碱.

Effects of cholinergic receptor antagonists, adrenergic drugs and pethidine on the function of sphincter of Oddi isolated from rabbits

Objective To investigate the contractive effect of atropine, noradrenaline,adrenaline and pethidine on sphincter of Oddi (SO) isolated from rabbits. Methods The rings of SO isolated from 60 rabbits were treated with Krebs solution and then were exposed to gradient atropine,anisodamin, noradrenalin, adrenaline or pethidine with 10 each. The rest 10 rings of SO treated with Krebs solution only were served as controls. The amplitude and frequency of contraction of SO were recorded. Results Compared with control group, all of the 5 medicines were able to significantly decrease the contractive amplitude, but not frequency, of SO at the concentrations ranged from 10-6 mol/L to 10-2 mol/L (P＜0.05). The inhibition order was as follows: noradrenaline ＞ adrenaline ＞atropine ＞ anisodamin ≈ pethidine. Conclusions Beside atropine and anisodamin, noradrenaline,adrenaline and pethidine also showed the direct relaxation of SO by decreasing contractive amplitude of SO. Adrenaline or noradrenaline displayed stronger effect in decreasing contractive amplitude of SO when compared with atropine or anisodamin.