单侧先天性小眼球CT表现（附41例分析）

目的探讨先天性小眼球的CT表现及眼眶容积变化。设计回顾性病例系列。研究对象41例先天性小眼球患者。方法分析41例先天性小眼球患者的影像检查资料。测量其中20例双侧眼眶容积。主要指标眼眶CT影像和双侧眼眶容积。结果41例先天性小眼球均为单侧。其中单纯性小眼球3例，CT表现为眼球前后径减小。缺损性小眼球14例，表现为眼球体积小，眼环局限性缺损，边界清楚的低密度影突出于眼球之外，以视乳头区视神经下方多见。并发性小眼球24例，表现为眼球体积小，玻璃体密度不均匀增高，晶状体缺如、钙化，视网膜脱离，其中伴永存原始玻璃体增生症3例，表现为晶状体后方与视盘之间带状或圆锥状软组织影。单纯性小眼球患侧与健侧平均容积为（11．58±4．77）ml、（13．25±4．45）ml（n=2）；缺损性小眼球患侧与健侧平均容积为（16．06±3．75）ml、（17．92±4．02）ml（n=5）；并发性小眼球患侧与健侧平均容积为（12．61±2．59）ml、（15．89±3．08）ml（n=13）（P均=0．000）.结论CT能够较清楚显示小眼球及伴发的眼部异常，有助于小眼球诊断、分类及治疗。（眼科，2009，18：131-134）

CT findings of unilateral congenital microphthalmos in 41 cases

Objective To evaluate CT imaging findings of congenital microphthalmos and changes in orbital volume. Design Retrospective cases series. Participants 41 cases with microphthalmos. Methods CT manifestions of 41 cases of microphthalmos were analyzed, in which bilateral orbital volume of 20 cases were measured. Main Outcome Measures CT features of orbits and bilateral orbital volume. Results All of the cases was unilateral. Pure microphthalmia was found in 3 eyes, whose main CT findings was the antero-posterior diameter less than 20 mm. Colobomatous microphthalmia was found in 14 eyes, whose main CT findings was diminished volume of eyeball, focal defect of globe, and well-defined low density lesion outpouching the globe. The most common defect location was optic disc. Complicated microphthalmia was found in 24 eyes, whose main CT findings was diminished vlume of eyeball, heterogeneously increased density of vitreous, absent or caleifcation of lens and retinal detachment. 3 eyes of 24 eyes with persistent hyperplasia of primary vitreous （PHPV）, there was triangular or channel soft tissue form lens to optic disc. In the 20 measured volume cases, pure microphthalmia was found in 2 eyes, and affected orbital mean volume was 11.58±4.77 ml and the other orbital mean volume 13.25±4.45 ml. Colobomatous microphthalmia was found in 5 eyes, and affected orbital mean volume was 16.06±3.75 ml and the other orbital mean volume 17.92±4.02 ml. Complicated microphthalmia was found in 13 eyes, and affected orbital mean volume was 12.61±2.59 ml and the other orbital mean volume 15.89±3.08 ml （all P=0.000）. Conclusion CT can display the microphthalmos and other dysplasia in orbit, contributing to microphthalmos＇ diagnosis, classify and therapy. （Ophthalmol CHN, 2009, 18： 131-134）