眼科疾病的生物信息学研究进展

生物信息学是一门对基因组学和蛋白质组学进行研究的新兴学科，是生物学、计算机科学、信息工程和统计学的综合交叉学科。在眼科生物基因研究中，角膜、晶状体、房水、玻璃体和视网膜因富含大量的生物信息，是理想的生物信息学研究对象。基因组学检测技术的高效性和准确性有助于对眼科肿瘤及遗传疾病相关差异表达基因的筛查。蛋白质组学有助于分析眼科疾病状态下眼内液体或细胞中基因表达高低所引起的蛋白表达谱及功能改变，从而揭示疾病的发生机制。本文主要综述生物信息学在眼科疾病的应用，并初步展望其对相关疾病治疗的影响、目前存在的问题及未来的发展趋势。

Advances in research on biological information of ophthalmology disease

Bioinformatics, an emerging discipline focusing on genomics and proteomics, is both comprehensive and interdisciplinary of biology, computer science, information engineering and statistics. In the ophthalmic biological genetic research, cornea, lens, aqueous humor, vitreous and retina are ideal bioinformatic research objects in the field of ophthalmic biological genes because of their abundance in biological information. Genomics testing techniques have the characteristics of high efficiency and accuracy, which helps us to screen the differentially expressed genes related to ophthalmic tumors and genetic diseases; Proteomics can help us analyze the protein expression profile and functional changes caused by the high and low gene expression in intraocular fluid or isolated cells in diseases states, revealing the mechanism of disease. This paper mainly summarizes the application of bioinformatics in ophthalmic diseases, and preliminarily envisage its impact on the current treatment, the existing problems and the development trend in the future.