基于视网膜神经血管单元损伤及其耦联失衡防治糖尿病视网膜病变的研究进展

糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)作为常见的糖尿病并发症之一，是导致失明的主要原因。传统上，DR主要被认为是一种微血管疾病，随着研究的进展，目前认为神经-胶质-血管单元(NVU)破坏及其耦联机制(coupling)失衡在DR发病的早期起到了关键作用。了解NVU的细胞和分子基础，以及糖尿病如何改变正常的细胞通讯和破坏细胞环境，对DR的早期防治具有重要的意义。本文总结视网膜NVU及其参与DR发病分子机制，基于视网膜NVU修复的DR治疗，并对DR未来发展前景及问题进行探讨。

Research progress in the prevention and treatment of diabetic retinopathy based on retinal neurovascular unit damage and its coupling imbalance

Diabetic retinopathy(DR), one of the common complications of diabetes, is a major cause of blindness. Traditionally, DR has been considered primarily a microvascular disease, and as research has progressed, it is now believed that disruption of the neuro-glia-vascular unit(NVU)and imbalance in its coupling mechanisms(coupling)play a key role in the early onset of DR. Understanding the cellular and molecular basis of NVU and how diabetes alters normal cellular communication and disrupts the cellular environment is important for the early prevention and treatment of DR. This paper summarizes the retinal NVU and its involvement in the molecular mechanism of DR pathogenesis, DR treatment based on retinal NVU repair, and discusses the future prospects and problems of DR.