糖尿病视网膜病变中视网膜小胶质细胞活化及干预机制研究进展

糖尿病视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy,DR)是糖尿病(diabetes mellitus,DM)最常见的并发症,其发病率随DM病程的延长而增高.DR是一种高发病率和高致盲率的疾病,对DR的发病机制研究一直是国内外的热点之一.但是DR的发病机制尚未完全阐明,近年来,越来越多的学者认为DR可能是一种慢性、低度炎性反应.小胶质细胞(microglia,MG)是视网膜中的单核巨噬细胞,具有抗原呈递功能,DR中MG被活化,释放大量炎症因子,参与DR的炎症反应.了解DR中MG的活化机制,可更好地为DR的预防和治疗开辟新的视角.因此,本文就DR中视网膜MG活化及干预机制进行综述.

Recent advances in microglia activation and intervention mechanism in diabetic retinopathy

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most significant microvascular complications of diabetes,and its incidence increases with the prolongation of DM;meanwhile,it can lead to severe vision loss.Recently,the pathogenesis of DR has been one of the focuses both at home and abroad,but the basic mechanisms are not fully elucidated.More and more scholars believe that DR may be a chronic and low degree of inflammatory response.Moreover,it is well established that microglia is a monocyte-macrophage,with antigen-presenting function.Especially in the retina,as microglia is activated,followed by the release of a large number of inflammatory factors,microglia involves in DR inflammatory response.Understanding the activation mechanism of microglia can provide a new perspective for the prevention and treatment of DR.Therefore,recent advances in activation of microglia in diabetic retinopathy and its intervention mechanism will be reviewed in the article.