阴式与腹腔镜子宫全切除术的临床效果比较

目的比较阴式子宫全切除术和腹腔镜子宫全切除术的临床效果。方法收集我院2002年1月至2004年6月接受以上不同途径子宫切除术的病例共301例的临床资料,其中阴式子宫全切除术197例(阴式组),腹腔镜子宫全切除术104例(腹腔镜组),比较两组疾病种类、手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、医疗费用及术后恢复情况等。结果(1)疾病种类:宫颈非典型增生阴式组19例、腹腔镜组3例;子宫腺肌病、合并附件疾病或盆腔子宫内膜异位症,阴式组分别为58例、9例、8例,腹腔镜组分别为45例、33例、13例;(2)手术时间:阴式组(76±28)min、腹腔镜组(139±52)min;(3)术中出血量:阴式组(170±125)ml、腹腔镜组(206±153)ml;(4)肌瘤或腺肌瘤最大直径:阴式组(49±17)mm、腹腔镜组(57±22)mm;(5)手术费用:阴式组(1073±203)元、腹腔镜组(1526±676)元。以上各指标两组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0·05);(6)住院时间:阴式组(5·6±1·2)d、腹腔镜组(5·7±2·4)d;(7)子宫重量:阴式组(235±115)g、腹腔镜组(256±158)g;(8)手术并发症发生率:阴式组为2·54%、腹腔镜组为2·88%。住院时间、切除子宫重量及手术并发症发生率等两组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0·05)。结论无明显盆腔粘连和附件疾病的子宫全切除术可选择阴式途径,子宫大小并非选择术式的决定因素。

Clinical comparison of transvaginal hysterectomy and laparoscopic hysterectomy

OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical characteristics of transvaginal hysterectomy (TVH) and total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH). METHOD: Clinical data about 301 cases who received TVH and TLH were collected and the hospital stay days, medical expenses, diagnoses, operation and recovery status were compared between TVH and TLH groups. RESULTS: The ratio of cervical atypical hyperplasia (9.64%), multipara (96.45%) in TVH was higher than that in TLH (2.88%, 89.42%). The ratio of adenoma (29.44%), adnexal disease (4.55%), pelvic endometriosis (4.06%), history of cesarean section (7.11%) in TVH were lower than that in TLH (43.27%, 31.73%, 12.50%, 24.04%). The operation time (76 +/- 28) minutes, bleeding during operation (170 +/- 125) ml, additional operations (5.08%), pelvic adhesion (4.57%), loosening of pelvic adhesion (0.51%), the diameter of the largest myoma or adenoma (49 +/- 17) mm, expenses for operation and hospitalization (1073 +/- 203) yuan in TVH were lower than those in TLH, which were (139 +/- 52) minutes, (206 +/- 153) ml, 36.54%, 41.35%, 17.31%, (57 +/- 22) mm, (1526 +/- 676) yuan respectively. The differences were significant (all P < 0.05). There was no difference of the uterine weight, complication and length of hospitalization duration between the two kinds of operation. CONCLUSIONS: TVH is recommended in cases of few pelvic adhesion, or adnexal disease, cervical disease and of multipara. The uterine weight is not a decisive factor.