早发型重度先兆子痫的临床界定及保守治疗探讨

目的　探讨早发型重度先兆子痫的临床界定及保守治疗的临床意义。方法　回顾分析1988年9月至2004年4月,北京大学第三医院收治的255例无严重并发症及合并症的重度先兆子痫患者的临床资料,按重度先兆子痫发病孕周分为4组:A组<28周, 24例; B组28~31周, 50例;C组32~33周, 34例;D组≥34周, 147例。主要分析指标包括:发病孕周、终止妊娠孕周、孕周延长时间、严重并发症发生情况、胎儿及新生儿死亡率和小于孕龄儿发生率。结果　(1)A组保守治疗时间平均为(9 ±8)d,B组为(11±8)d,C组为(8±6)d,D组为(5±4)d,D组保守治疗时间与前3组比较, 差异有统计学意义(P<0 .01 )。而A、B、C各组间的保守治疗时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0. 05)。A、B、C各组孕妇并发症发生率比较,差异也无统计学意义(P>0 .05 ),但与D组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0 .01);A、B组胎儿及新生儿死亡率、胎死宫内发生率与C、D组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0 .01),而C、D两组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0 .05)。(2)多因素logistic回归分析显示,重度先兆子痫发病孕周,是影响孕妇并发症发生率的重要因素,而与保守治疗时间无相关性。终止妊娠孕周是影响胎儿及新生儿死亡率的主要因素,其次为发病孕周。(3)以32孕周为界值进行多因素分析显示,终止妊娠孕周

Clinical delimitation and expectant management of early onset of severe pre-eclampsia

OBJECTIVE: To determine the clinical delimitation and to investigate the difference of maternal and perinatal outcome with expectant management of women with early onset of severe preeclampsia. METHODS: Two hundred and fifty-five cases meeting the criteria of severe pre-eclampsia who underwent expectant management were enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into 4 groups: group A (n = 24) with onset before 28 weeks of gestation, group B (n = 50) with onset during 28 - 31 weeks of gestation, group C (n = 34) with onset during 32 - 33 gestational weeks, and group D (n = 147) with onset >or= 34 weeks of gestation. Main outcome measures included prolongation of gestation, perinatal mortality rate, and small for gestational age as well as major complications. RESULTS: The average pregnancy prolongation was (9 +/- 3) days (range 1 to 40), (11 +/- 8) (range 1 to 28), (8 +/- 6) (range 1 to 21), and (5 +/- 4) (range 1 to 21), respectively in groups A, B, C and D. The gestational age at delivery was closely associated with the perinatal outcome. When a cut-off point was set at 34-week gestation, perinatal outcome was only associated with the gestational age at birth. If the cut-off point was set at 32-week gestation, perinatal morbidity and mortality were associated with both gestational age at birth and the onset of severe preeclampsia during pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical delimitation of early onset of severe preeclampsia at 32-week gestation is significantly associated with poor maternal and perinatal outcome. Expectant management should be carried out in well-selected patients with severe preeclampsia remote from term, individually.