深圳地区未婚流动妇女人工流产现状及流产后干预措施研究

目的了解深圳地区未婚流动妇女人工流产的现状，探讨给予人工流产术后服务的有效性和安全。方法2012年6月至2013年6月深圳市龙华新区观澜人民医院计划生育门诊因早孕行无痛人工流产妇女700例。将术后接受屈螺酮炔雌醇片避孕妇女纳入研究组（350例），未服用药物者为对照组（350例）。两组均采取面对面咨询的方式进行生殖健康、避孕知识及流产后注意事项的宣教。观察两组妇女的阴道出血量、出血时间、术后月经恢复时间及12个月内再次流产的情况。结果在700例妇女中，未婚人工流产者占19．14％（134／700），外来流动人口占70．29％（492／700），重复流产者占68．57％（480／700）。研究组妇女术后阴道出血时间（7．23±2．65）d]与对照组（12．12±3．41）d]比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。研究组妇女术后月经恢复时间（30．56±5．53）d]与对照组（34．51±5．54）d]比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。研究组妇女术后12个月内再次流产率（18．13％，60／331）与对照组（34．46％，112／325）比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论未婚流动妇女人工流产后给予短效口服避孕药及生殖健康知识宣教等干预措施，可有效降低未婚妇女的重复流产率。

Research on the status of induced abortion and post- abortion care in unmarried women of mobile population in Shenzhen

Objective To study the status of induced abortion of unmarried mobile women in Shenzhen area, to guide patients to take a safe and effective birth control method. Methods 700 pregnant women who underwent painless abortion surgery from June 2012 to June 2013 in the family planning clinic in our hospital recruited in this study. Patients were randomly divided into study group and control group with 350 cases in each. Women in study group accept flexor screw ketone ethinylestradiol for birth control. All patients were given face -to -face counseling of contraceptive knowledge and reproductive health knowledge. Vaginal haemorrhage amount, bleeding time, post- operative recovery time, menstruation recovery, rate of repeat artificial abortion within 1 year were observed in both groups. Results Among the 700 cases, the unmarried abortion rate was 19.14% （134/700）, mobile popula- tion accounted for 70. 29% （492/700） and the repetitive abortion rate was 68.57% （480/700）. The vaginal bleeding time, postoperative menstruation recovery time, repeated abortion rate within 1 year in the two groups had signifi- cant difference （7.23±2.65） d vs. （12.12±3.41） d; （30.56±5.53） d vs. （34. 51±5.54） d; 18.13% vs. 34. 46%, P〈0.05]. Conclusion Short-acting oral contraceptive taken and reproductive health knowledge educa- tion can effectively reduce repeated induced abortion rate of unmarried floating women.