发病初期SARS患者与发热门诊患者临床特征对比研究

目的 探讨并比较2003—03～2003—06 SAILS患者与发热门诊发热患者的临床特征。方法 对收治的45例严重急性呼吸综合征(SARS)患者、发热门诊150例医学观察和1200例回家观察患者发病初期的临床资料进行回顾分析。结果 SARS组患者全部有SARS密切接触史，其平均体温高于医学观察组和回家观察组；血常规检查回家观察组WBC总数、淋巴分类比例明显高于SARS组和医学观察组，医学观察组白细胞各项指标与SARS组没有显著差异；SARS组45例肺部均存在斑片状、云雾样阴影，其中21例(46．7％)阴影在几天内出现了迅速扩散，明显高于医学观察组和回家观察组。结论 流行病史和X线肺部炎性改变可能是诊断SARS的关键，发热症状和外用血白细胞检查是筛选SARS的重要线索。

A Study on Clinical Parameters of Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome and Fever-clinic Patients

Objective To investigate clinical features of patients with severe acut respiratory syndrome (SARS) and fever-clinic patients in SARS prevalence days. Methods Clinical data of 45 SARS patients, 150 medical observation patients and 1200 home observation patients from fever-clinic were analyzed retrospectively. Results All the 45 SARS patients had the medical history of close contact with SARS, and their body temperatures were higher than the fever-clinic patients' ones. Leucopenia and lymphopenia in SARS patients were more common than those in the home observation patients, but were similar with those in the medical observation patients. All the SARS patients' chest radiographs showed large area of interstitial infiltration or shadows, and 46 7% patients developed rapidly in a short time. Conlusion Epidemic history and chest radiograph findings may be the major evidences to diagnose SARS, while the fever symptom and blood routine examination may be helpful to screen SARS.