西部医学院校医学生农村地区执业意愿及其影响因素——基于城乡户籍比较视角

目的:基于城乡户籍比较视角,分析西部医学院校医学生农村地区执业意愿及其影响因素。方法:通过随机抽样分别对西部10个省份本科、大专和中专类医学院校中大三、大四和大五三个年级的医学生开展问卷调查,共收集有效问卷4 302份。采用探索性因子分析、卡方检验、单因素方差分析、二元Logistic回归分析等方法对数据进行挖掘。结果:52.1%的样本医学生具有农村地区执业意愿,其中农村户籍医学生农村地区执业意愿(56.4%)显著高于城市户籍医学生(42.7%)。户籍、单位基本条件、单位核心条件、性别、学校类型、家庭人均月收入和专业等变量对医学生农村地区执业意愿具有显著影响。结论:继续扩大农村户籍医学生招生数量和范围。通过改善农村地区医疗机构核心条件促进医学生执业意愿转化为执业行为。农村地区基层卫生部门及医疗机构招聘时可适当放宽或降低招聘标准和条件。

Analysis on working intention in rural areas and its influence factors of medical students in western medical colleges from the perspective of urban and rural comparison

This paper intends to analyze the working intention in rural areas and its influence factors of medical students. A random sampling method was used to select the sample for the study. This investigation was conducted on the medical students of grade 3 to 5 in undergraduate medical schools, junior medical colleges and technical secondary medical schools from 10 western provinces. The methods of exploratory factor analysis, chi-square test, one-way ANOVA and binary logistic regression analysis were used to make the data mining. As per the results of this study, 52.1% of the sample medical students have the working intention in rural areas. The working intention of the medical students with rural hukou (56.4%) is significantly higher than that of the medical students with urban hukou (42.7%). The influencing factors mainly include hukou, basic conditions of working unit, core conditions of working unit, gender, type of medical college, family income level, and major. In conclusion, to further expand the recruitment number and scope of medical students with rural hukou, and to promote the working intention in rural areas of medical students to be translated into practical working behavior, improving the core conditions of medical institutions in rural areas, and loosening and lower the recruit standards and conditions to some extent when hiring the new medical workers should be viewed as some of the strategies to use.