非洲疾病谱变迁与中国参与非洲卫生治理的再思考

随着慢性病在非洲的崛起,其疾病谱发生了变迁,与传染病同为疾病双负担。这一态势具有社会文化的复杂性和应对的长期性两个重要特征,挑战与机遇并存,也使得中国参与非洲卫生治理有了更多可能。本文在回顾中国对非医疗援助与合作历史后,发现慢性病领域尚未受到关注。在重新审视中国参与非洲卫生治理意义后,发现参与非洲慢性病治理挑战重重,但可积极争取主动权,可使中国摆脱西方后继者的身份陷阱和西方话语权障碍。同时,树立正确的利义观,辩证认识参与非洲慢性病治理的积极意义和潜在市场价值。因此,中国应在认识上、行动上和文化互补上取得统一,超越单纯的援助论、合作论,夯实学理基础,探讨更多可能。

Disease spectrum transition in Africa and rethinking on China's global health governance in Africa

With the rise of Non-communicable Diseases(NCDs) in Africa, the disease spectrum has changed, presenting two double burdens of infectious diseases and NCDs. This situation has two important characteristics of the long-term response and the socio-cultural complexity. The coexistence of challenges and opportunities also makes it possible for China to participate in global health governance in Africa. After reviewing the history of China''s health assistance and cooperation to Africa, this research found that the field of NCDs has not been concerned. After the significance of China''s participation in Africa''s global health governance was reexamined, results showed that there are many challenges faced by China''s participation. However, the existing cooperation can actively strive for the initiative, but to a certain extent, whichcan help China get rid of the western''s successors identity trap and their discourse power that China will encounter during the participation into Africa''s infectious disease prevention and control. At the same time, a correct concept of benefit should be established and the positive significance and potential market value of NCDs in Africa should be dialectically understood. Therefore, China should achieve unity in cognition, action and cultural complementarity, go beyond the perspectives of simple assistance and cooperation, further consolidate the theoretical basis of global health governance, and explore more possibilities.