1998-2017年天津市滨海新区塘沽地区儿童青少年死亡原因与减寿分析

目的了解天津市滨海新区塘沽地区5~19岁儿童青少年的主要死亡原因,为政府等相关部门制定干预措施及政策提供可靠依据。方法按照国际疾病分类法(ICD-9和ICD-10)统一编码。用粗死亡率、标化死亡率、死因构成比、潜在减寿年数(PYLL)、潜在减寿率(PYLLR)、标化减寿年数(SPYLL)和标化减寿率(SPYLLR)等健康测量指标对天津市滨海新区塘沽地区20年间的死亡报表进行分析。采用Excel 2017、SPSS 20.0软件进行统计分析,死亡率的比较采用χ~2检验。结果天津市滨海新区塘沽儿童青少年死亡率为39.02/10万,标化死亡率为5.63/10万,男性死亡率为27.6/10万,女性死亡率为18.4/10万,男性高于女性,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=2.87,P<0.05)。损伤中毒(17.33/10万)和肿瘤(9.13/10万)是危害儿童青少年最主要的死因,占全死因死亡的67.8%。儿童青少年全死因PYLL为15175.5人年,SPYLL为8497.37人年,潜在减寿率为11.8‰,标化潜在减寿率为29.5‰。结论损伤中毒、肿瘤是天津市滨海新区塘沽地区5~19岁儿童青少年的主要死因,要采取行之有效的干预措施减少死亡,降低疾病负担和寿命损失,促进儿童青少年的身心健康。

Causes of death and life reduction of children and adolescents in Tanggu region of Binhai New Area,Tianjin City from 1998 to 2017

Objective To understand the main causes of death among children and adolescents aged 5-19 in Tangguregion, Binhai New Area, Tianjin City, so as to provide a reliable basis for the government and other relevant departments to develop interventions and policies. Methods The uniform coding was performed according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-9 and ICD-10). The health measures, such as crude mortality, standardized mortality, cause of death ratio, potential years of life lost (PYLL), potential life lost rate (PYLLR), standardized years of life (SPYLL), and standardized life lost rate (SPYLLR) were used, and the death reports were collected and statistically analyzed by using Excel 2017 and SPSS 19.0 software in Tanggu region for 20 years (1998-2017). Results The mortality rate of children and adolescents in Tanggu area was 39.02/105, the standardized mortality rate was 5.63/105, the male mortality rate was 27.6/105, and the female mortality rate was 18.4/105. The mortality rate of the male was higher than that of the female (χ2=2.87, P<0.05). Injury and poisoning (17.33/105) and tumors (9.13/105) were the leading causes of death among the children and adolescents, accounting for 67.8% of all deaths. The PYLL for children and adolescents was 15 175.5 person-years, SPYLL was 8 497.37 person-years, PYLL was 11.8‰, and SPYLL was 29.5‰. Conclusion Injury and poisoning, and tumors are the main causes of death among children and adolescents aged 5-19 years in Tanggu region, Binhai New Area, Tianjin City. Therefore, the effective interventions should be taken to reduce death, to reduce the burden of disease and the loss of lifetime, and to promote the physical and mental health of children and adolescents.