某医学院校大学新生艾滋病知晓现状及相关因素的调查分析

目的 了解医学院校大学新生艾滋病知晓情况及影响因素,为今后高校开展大学生防治艾滋病健康教育提供参考。方法 对河南某医学院校大一新生进行艾滋病知晓情况调查,内容包括一般人口学特征、“艾滋病国八条”、其他艾滋病防治知识等。采用SPSS 21.0 软件对新生知晓情况进行统计描述,对影响新生艾滋病知识知晓率的因素进行单因素分析,采用 logistic 回归分析其知晓率的影响因素。结果 4 520名新生对“艾滋病国八条”以及其他艾滋病防治知识总体知晓率为69.8%。单因素分析结果显示:性别(χ2=120.733,P<0.001)、生源地(χ2=236.379,P<0.001)、专业类别(χ2=34.051,P<0.001)、父母学历(χ2=51.408,P<0.001)、是否有过性行为(χ2=5.409,P<0.05)、是否愿意在学校加入宣传艾滋病学生社团(χ2=29.679,P<0.001)、是否愿意在学校参加艾滋病相关讲座(χ2=15.735,P<0.001)、艾滋病在学生群体中的形势很严峻(χ2=114.371,P<0.001)等因素影响学生知晓率,差异有统计学意义。logistic逐步回归法结果显示:性别(OR=2.574)、生源地(OR=3.740)、愿意加入艾滋病学生社团(OR=1.643)、愿意参加艾滋病知识讲座(OR=1.288)是大学新生知晓艾滋病防治知识的促进因素。结论 医学院校大一新生对艾滋病防治知识知晓水平偏低,应结合新生的特点以及学校的优势,有针对性地开展艾滋病防治健康宣教,从而为高校艾滋病预防和控制工作提供参考。

Investigation and analysis of AIDS awareness and influencing factors among freshmen in a medical college

Objective To understand the status of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) awareness among medical college freshmen and its influencing factors, so as to provide references for health education on AIDS prevention and treatment among college students in the future. Methods A survey was carried out among freshmen in a medical college in Henan Province on their awareness of AIDS, including general demographic characteristics, the eight national AIDS prevention and control regulations, and other AIDS prevention and control knowledge. SPSS 21.0 software was used to statistically describe the awareness of freshmen, univariate analysis was conducted on the factors affecting the awareness rate of AIDS knowledge among freshmen, and logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the factors affecting their awareness. Results The overall awareness rate of 4 520 freshmen on the national eight articles of AIDS and other AIDS prevention and control knowledge was 69.8%. The univariate analysis showed gender (χ2=120.733, P<0.001), place of origin (χ2=236.379, P<0.001), specialty category (χ2=34.051, P<0.001), parental education (χ2=51.408, P<0.001), sexual behavior (χ2=5.409, P<0.05), whether willing to join the AIDS student community in schools (χ2=29.679, P<0.001), whether willing to attend AIDS related lectures in schools (χ2=15.735, P<0.001), and very serious situation of AIDS among students (χ2=114.371, P<0.001) were the factors influencing the awareness rate of students, and the differences were statistically significant. The results of logistic stepwise regression showed that gender (OR=2.574), place of origin (OR=3.740), willingness to join the AIDS student association (OR=1.643), and willingness to attend AIDS knowledge lectures (OR=1.288) were the promoting factors for freshmen to know about AIDS prevention and treatment knowledge. Conclusion The freshmen in medical colleges have a relatively low level of knowledge about AIDS prevention and control. We should carry out targeted health education on AIDS prevention and control in combination with the characteristics of freshmen and the advantages of the school, so as to provide reference for AIDS prevention and control in colleges and universities.