232例糖尿病患者对糖尿病与牙周病关系的认知、态度及保健行为

目的 了解糖尿病患者对糖尿病与牙周病相互作用的认知、态度及保健行为的现状,探讨并分析其影响因素,为糖尿病患者的口腔与全身健康治疗方案及口腔健康宣教计划制订提供依据。方法 2021年4—5月采用便利抽样方法,对济宁市内三级甲等医院和二级甲等医院各两家的内分泌科病房和门诊的糖尿病患者进行调查,共获得232份有效问卷。内容包括糖尿病患者的一般情况、保健行为、对糖尿病与牙周病相互作用的认知情况、对糖尿病并发牙周病的治疗态度及其影响因素。结果 232名糖尿病患者对糖尿病与牙周病的相互作用的认知、治疗态度和保健行为的总得分为(39.42±18.23)分,小学及以下学历者平均得分最低为(28.69±12.04)分,年龄≥60岁者平均得分最低为(34.10±16.27)分;单因素分析显示,糖尿病患者保健行为、认知、治疗态度得分在不同婚姻状况、年龄、文化程度等方面,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Pearson线性相关性分析显示,糖尿病患者的认知与保健行为、认知与治疗态度、治疗态度与保健行为的得分呈正相关;多重线性回归分析显示,年龄、家庭人均月收入、文化程度、有牙周病和无牙周病进入模型(P<0.01),共解释总变异的36.6%。结论 本次调查中,糖尿病患者对糖尿病与牙周病的相互作用的认知、治疗态度和保健行为三者之间相互影响,不同特征的糖尿病患者得分水平不同,年龄、文化程度和家庭人均月收入等因素是影响其得分的主要因素,应加强对高龄糖尿病患者的关注,积极对糖尿病患者开展口腔预防保健工作。

Cognition,attitude, and health behavior of 232 patients with diabetes mellitns on relationship between diabetes and periodontal disease

Objective To understand the current situation of cognition, attitude, and health behavior of diabetes patients on the interaction between diabetes and periodontal disease, and to explore and analyze its influencing factors, so as to provide evidence for the formulation of an oral and systemic health treatment plan and oral health education plan for diabetes patients. Methods From April to May 2021, the convenience sampling method was used to investigate the patients with diabetes in the endocrinology wards and outpatients of two Grade-3 A hospitals and two Grade-2 A hospitals in Jining City. A total of 232 valid questionnaires were obtained. The content includes the general situation of diabetes patients, health behavior, cognition of the interaction between diabetes and periodontal disease, treatment attitude towards diabetes complicated with periodontal disease, and its influencing factors. Results The total score of cognition, treatment attitude, and health behavior of the interaction between diabetes and periodontal disease in 232 diabetic patients was (39.42±18.23) points, diabetic patients with primary school education and below had the lowest average score of (28.69±12.04) points, and those with diabetes≥60 years of age had the lowest average score of (34.10±16.27) points. The univariate analysis showed that the scores of health behavior, cognition, and treatment attitude of diabetic patients were statistically different in terms of marital status, age, and education level (P<0.05). Pearson linear correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between cognitive and health behavior, cognitive and treatment attitude, treatment attitude and health behavior in diabetic patients. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age, family per capita monthly income, education level, periodontal disease, and no periodontal disease entered the model (P<0.01), explaining 36.6% of the total variation. Conclusions In this survey, the cognition, treatment attitude, and health behavior of diabetes patients on the interaction between diabetes and periodontal disease affect each other. The score levels of diabetes patients with different characteristics are different. Factors such as age, education level, and family per capita monthly income are the main factors affecting their scores. We should pay more attention to elderly diabetes patients and actively carry out oral prevention and health care for diabetes patients.