江门市五邑中医院医院感染现患率调查及发病因素分析

目的了解医院感染患病基本情况,提高医护人员对医院感染管理工作的认识。方法采取床旁观察检查与病历查阅相结合的方法,调查日现患率和相关发病的因素。结果住院患者462例,有30例发生了医院感染,医院感染现患率为6.49%,其中以下呼吸道感染居首位,占33.00%。使用与不使用抗生素者的医院感染现患率分别为16.56%和1.00%;有无泌尿道插管者的医院感染现患率分别为18.52%和5.75%;是否手术者的医院感染现患率分别为16.30%和4.05%;住院大于1个月者医院感染现患率为19.05%,小于1个月为4.55%,差别均有统计学意义（均P〈0.05）。结论医院感染现患率与抗生素应用、侵入性操作、手术、住院时间等因素有关;降低医院感染必须加强抗生素管理、遵守无菌操作技术和尽可能缩短住院时间。

A Survey on the Prevalence Rate of Hospital Inflection and its Influential Factors

Objective To understand the basic circumstance of the hospital infection,and to improve the knowledge of medical staff on the management of hospital infection.Methods With bedside observation and examination combined with checking clinical case history,462 inpatients were investigated on current rate of hospital infection and its related factors.Results There were 30 inpatients suffering from hospital infection,the current rate of the hospital infection was 6.49 %;among them,the rate of the lower respiratory tract accounted for 33.00%.The current rates of hospital infection in inpatients with antibiotics（16.56%）,or with treatment of urinary catheters（18.52%）,or with operation（16.30%）,with more than one month hospitalization（19.05%） were significantly higher than those of inpatients without antibiotics（1.00%）,without treatment of urinary catheters（5.75%）,without operation（4.05%） or with less than one month hospitalization（4.55%）（all P〈0.05）.Conclusion The current rate of hospital infection is related with application of antibiotic,incursive operation,surgical operation and time of hospitalization.So we must strengthen the management of antibiotic usage,obey the rules of sterile operation and try to reduce the time of hospitalization to reduce the prevalent rate of hospital infection.