德阳市52年麻疹发病趋势分析

目的 了解德阳市麻疹长期疫情趋势及其影响因素，探讨消除麻疹措施。方法 应用描述流行病学方法，对德阳市52年麻疹疫情、计划免疫、麻疹监测等资料进行分析。结果 使用麻疹疫苗免疫前，麻疹持续高发，年发病率最高达2324／10万，1966年开始使用麻疹疫苗接种后，麻疹发病逐年下降，特别是1985年实施计划免疫后，麻疹发病大幅下降且持续稳定地保持在低发病率水平，年发病率均在10／10万以下。1990年最低为0．14／10万。90年代以来，全市麻疹发病呈区域性局部集中，病例的97．51％发生在计划免疫工作相对薄弱的中江县，其流动儿童及时接种率也较低、发病较多，散发与暴发共存。结论 麻疹疫苗计划免疫是控制麻诊发病的有效手段，加强计划免疫工作管理，针对薄弱环节采取相应措施，提高免疫接种质量，完善麻疹监测系统，能进一步有效地降低麻疹发病率，达到加速控制麻疹目标，为消除麻疹打下坚实基础。

Analysis of Trend of Incidence of Measles - Basde on 52 years' Data in Deyang

Objective To know long term trend of the incidence of measles and influential factors in Deyang City,and bring forward the method to eliminate the disease Methods All the data of the epidemic situation of measles was analysed since 1950 Results Before the use of immunization-bacterin of measles,the incidence of the disease kept in a high rate,with the highest rate 2324 out of 100 thousands After the use of immunization-bacterin of measles in 1966,kept descending year by year The incidence of the disease,which is below 10 cases per 100 000,was kept relatively low since 1985 And it reached the lowest 0 14 cases per 100 000 in 1990 Since the 1990s', the incidence of measles appeared territorially partial concentration 97 51% cases occurred in Zhongjiang County,where the ambulatory children who are most likely to infect measles can not be injected the immunization-bacterin on time The epidemic pattern appeared in outbreak and prevalence Conclusions Planning-immunization is the effective way to control the occurrence of the measles All the measures, including reinforcing the management of planning-immunization,taking action against the weak point,enhancing the quality of the immunization-bacterin of measles and consummating measles detecting system,can reduce the incidence of the disease effectively,fulfill the goal of control of measles and offer the base for eliminating the measles