安阳县农村社区人群慢性病综合防治知识与行为健康教育干预效果评价

目的]探索农村社区人群慢性病综合防治的有效方法，提高农村社区慢性病防治的效果，促进农村居民的健康。方法]2000年3月，在安阳县农村部分社区开展了为期5年的慢性病综合防治实践活动，并评价其对提高居民和卫生人员慢性病综合防治知识与行为的效果。结果]健康教育干预前后分别调查居民6744人、6455人，慢性病主要行为危险因素吸烟率、过量饮酒率、肥胖率、嗜咸率、嗜肥肉率，干预前分别为48．25％、12．31％、13．43％、29．48％、19．28％，干预后分别降至31．87％、7．65％、9．65％、13．34％、13．21％（P〈0．01）；知道正常血压、自己的血压及吸烟、过量饮酒、嗜咸、肥胖有害者所占比例，干预前分别为14．76％、12．73％、73．52％、53．21％、11．38％、12．41％，干预后分别提高到49．28％、41．25％、85．27％、68．42％、42．45％、28．26％（P〈0．01）。干预前后分别调查乡卫生院和村医76、75人，对高血压、糖尿病、冠心病、高血脂的诊断标准、高危因素、治疗原则知晓率干预后均明显提高（P〈0．05或〈0．01）。结论]以社区为基础、以健康教育及健康促进为中心内容的社区综合防治是有效的。

Evaluation on the Effect of Health Education Intervention to Comprehensive Knowledge and Behavior of Chronic Diseases in Rural Community of Anyang County

Objective]To explore the effective method for treatment and control of chronic diseases in rural community,improve the effect and promote the health of the people in rural community.Methods]Five-year program of comprehensive treatment and control of chronic diseases was into practice in rural community of Anyang in March 2000.The effect of improving the knowledge and behavior on chronic diseases treatment and control in rural residents and medical workers was evaluated.Results]6 744 and 6 455 residents were investigated before and after intervention.The risk factors of smoking,intemperance,obese,high salt,high fat diet were 48.25%,12.31%,13.43%,29.48% and 19.28% respectively before intervention,they were 31.87%,7.65%.9.65%,13.34% and 13.21% respectively after intervention(P<0.01).14.76%,12.73%,73.52%,53.21%,11.28% and 12.41% of the residents understood the normal blood pressure and intemperance,high salt and obese were harmful to health before intervention while it increased to 49.28%,41.25%,85.27%,68.42%,42.45% and 28.26% respectively after intervention(P<0.01).76 Doctors in health clinic of the town and 75 doctors in village clinics were investigated,the knowledge on the diagnosis,treatment and risk factors of high blood pressure,diabetes,coronary heart disease,hyperlipemia was improved after intervention(P<0.05 or <0.01).Conclusion]It was effective to carry out comprehensive treatment and control of chronic diseases through health education in community.