社会支持和应对方式对Housebound老年人家庭照顾者照顾负担的影响

目的:了解社会支持和应对方式对Housebound老年人家庭照顾者照顾负担影响,为改善其照顾负担提供依据。方法:于2017年12月?2018年1月,对唐山市社区Housebound老年人家庭照顾者应用一般情况调查表、社会支持量表、特质应对方式量表和Zarit照顾者负担量表进行调查。结果:Housebound老年人家庭照顾者照顾负担总分为(32.60±20.94)分,处于中等水平;积极应对与照顾负担总分呈负相关(P<0.05),消极应对与家庭照顾者照顾负担总分呈正相关(P<0.05),社会支持与照顾分担总分呈负相关(P<0.05);多因素回归分析显示:性别、年龄、老年人关系、婚姻、文化程度、月收入、工作情况、照顾老年人时间、与社会支持、应对方式是家庭照顾者照顾负担的影响因素。结论:Hoiiseboimd老年人家庭照顾者感知的照顾负担呈中等水平,社区工作之中应引导其采取积极的应对方式,加强社会支持,使其照顾负担感知降低。

Studying on The Influence of Social Support and Response on The Burden of Family Caregivers of Housebound Elderly

Objective To study the influence of social support and response on the burden of family caregivers of housebound elderly,and provide evidences for improving it.Methods The family caregivers of housebound elderly in communities of Tangshan City were sampled and surveyed with general situation questionnaire,serial support scale,trait coping style scale and Zarit caregiver burden scale.Results The total score of care burden of family caregivers of housebound elderly was 32.60±20.94,which was in medium.Positive coping was negatively correlated with total score of care burden,negative coping was positively correlated with total score of care burden,and social support was negatively correlated with total score of care burden.Multivariate regression analysis showed that gender,age,relationship with the elderly,marital status,education background,monthly income,work situation,time for care for the elderly,social support and coping style were the factors to influence the care burden of family caregivers.Conclusion The care burden perceived by family caregivers of housebound elderly was in moderate.It is suggested to guide them to implement positive coping methods and strengthen social support in communities,which can reduce the perceived care burden.