徐州市居民糖尿病危险因素的调查与分析

目的探讨徐州市人群糖尿病发生的危险因素。方法采取多阶段随机整群抽样的方法，选择具有代表性的样本，共调查15岁以上常驻居民24369名，利用自行设计的调查表收集被调查人群个人基本情况，测量身高、体重、血压、空腹血糖，采用单因素和多因素非条件Logistic回归分析方法处理资料。结果单因素分析显示，地区、年龄、文化程度、职业、经济收入、高血压病、冠心病、脑卒中史、高血压家族史、冠心病家族史、脑卒中家族史、糖尿病家族史、吸烟史、睡眠质量、体重指数、腹部肥胖、腰臀比可能与糖尿病有关（P均〈0．05）；多因素逐步回归分析显示，年龄、高血压病史、糖尿病家族史、睡眠质量差、体重指数大、腹部肥胖、腰臀比大是糖尿病的危险因素（x^2分别为179．610、4．957、32．721、14．630、7．624、4．432、4．387，P均〈0．05）。结论开展糖尿病相关知识宣传，提高国民健康意识的同时，应重点教育居民改变不良生活方式，有针对性的开展超重、腹型肥胖、有高血压病史、糖尿病家族史等高危人群的筛查及干预工作，从而有效的控制或降低人群的行为危险因素，降低糖尿病的发病率。

Risk factors of diabetes mellitus of residents living in Xuzhou city

Objective To study the risk factors of diabetes mellitus in Xuzhou city. Methods A survey study was conducted by using multi-stage random cluster sampling, total of 24 369 residents aged ≥ 15 were selected. A self-designed questionnaire was used, and height, body weight, blood pressure, and fasting blood glucose were measured. Single factor and multivariate non-conditional Logistic regression analysis were used for data analysis. Results In single factor analysis, living region, age, educational level, occupation, marriage status,income, hypertension, coronary heart disease, stroke, family history of diseases （ including hypertension,coronary heart disease, stroke, diabetes ）, current smoking, sleep quality, occupational labor intensity, body mass index, abdominal obesity, and waist-hip ratio were related to diabetes （ all P 〈 0. 05 ）. Results from the multivariable stepwise analysis showed that age, hypertension, family history of diabetes, sleep quality, body mass index, abdominal obesity, and waist-hip ratio were risk factors of diabetes mellitus （Chi-square values were 179. 610,4. 957,32. 721,14. 630,7. 624,4. 432, and 4. 387, respectively; all P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion Diabetes mellitus screening and behavioral intervention should be used in high-risk populations to effectively control or reduce the incidence of diabetes.