大型医用设备地理分布公平性的评估方法研究

该研究的目的是探索一种评价大型医用设备配置公平性的方法，为区域卫生规划工作和卫生资源的合理配置提供分析工具。方法：劳伦兹曲线和基尼系数是经济学中评价收入公平性的良好方法，作者依据其原理提出可以利用基尼系数评价大型设备配置的公平性，并利用一个省大型医用设备调查的数据绘制了设备配置的劳伦兹曲线，计算了相应的基尼系数。结果：大型医用设备配置的基尼系数为0．366，CT配置的基尼系数为0.245，CT配置的公平程度要稍好于大型医用设备的总体情况。结论：大型医用设备在配置规划上要多向配置水平较低的地区倾斜，以改善公平性。劳伦兹曲线和基尼系数也可用于卫生资源配置公平性评价的其他方面，如医师和护士的配置以及床位资源的配置。可以为区域卫生规划工作提供决策参考依据。

Study on the equity evaluation method of the geographical distribution of large medical equipment

The objective of this study is to establish an evaluation method on the allocation equity of large medical equipment and provide an analytical tool for the regional health planning and reasonable allocatico of health resources.Methods:Lorenz curve and Gini coeffecient are proper method of measuring the income equity in economics.Based on this theory,Gini coefficient was put forward to be employed in the allocation equity analysis of large medical equipment.Data from a survey on the large medical equipment in a province were used to construct the Lorenz curve ,and Gini coeffcient are calculated in this study. Results:The Gini coefficient for the large medical equipment is 0. 366 and 0. 245 for CT scanners. It shows that the allocation equity in CT scanners is better than the overall conditions of large medical equipment.Conclusions:Priorities should be given to the areas with less large medical equipment toimprove the equity.Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient can also be used in other equity evaluation aspects of health resources allocation, such as the distribution of the doctors, nurses and medical beds which can provide decision information to the ongoing work of regional health planning in China.