我国4城市学龄前儿童血清维生素B_(12)营养状况调查

目的了解我国学龄前儿童血清维生素B12(VB12)的营养状况。方法描述性流行病学研究;对来自北京、珠海、重庆、武汉4城市2002名2岁～7岁儿童进行体格检查、膳食调查、血常规筛查及血清VB12水平测定。结果⑴2002名儿童平均血清VB12水平为775pg/ml,市区(835pg/ml)高于郊区(720pg/ml,P<0.001),其中北京840pg/ml、珠海772pg/ml、重庆756pg/ml、武汉735pg/ml,地区间差异显著(P<0.001);⑵学龄前儿童平均血清VB12水平在各年龄组间有明显差异(P<0.05),无性别差异(P>0.05);⑶2002名儿童血清VB12缺乏(血清VB12<200pg/ml)检出率为1.5%,边缘性缺乏(血清VB12200pg/ml～300pg/ml)检出率为3.2%,市区儿童血清VB12缺乏和边缘性缺乏检出率(3.6%)低于远郊(5.9%,P<0.05)。其中北京、珠海、重庆、武汉4城市儿童血清VB12缺乏和边缘性缺乏检出率分别为0.4%、3.5%,0.2%、3.0%,0.2%、1.9%,5.2%、4.6%;⑷儿童血清VB12水平主要受膳食VB12摄入量的影响(P<0.001)。2002名儿童平均膳食VB12摄入量为2.2μg/d,市区(2.4μg/d)高于郊区(2.0μg/d,P<0.05)。北京、珠海、重庆、武汉4城市儿童平均膳食VB12摄入量分别为2.8、2.6、1.9、1.6μg/d,差异显著(P<0.001)。结论⑴我国学龄前儿童存在VB12缺乏,以边缘性缺乏为主。⑵学龄前儿童血清VB12水平高于成人,血清VB12水平有随年龄增长而降低的趋势,提示血清VB12水平存在年龄差异。⑶学龄前儿童膳食VB12摄入量的高低决定血清VB12水平的高低。

VITAMIN B_(12) NUTRITIONAL STATUS IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN IN CHINA

Objective: To explore the levels of serum VB_(12) of preschool children of 4 cities in China. Method Cross-sectional analysis was applied. From May 2007 to October 2008. the weight, height and complete blood count (CBC) were studied in 2002 children aged 2 to 7 years from the four cities (Bejing. Zhuhai, Chongqing, Wuhan) in China. The concentrations of serum VB_(12) and the dietary surveys were evaluated. Results The average level of serum VB_(12) for the preschool children in 4 cities was 775pg/ml, in which for the preschool children in urbans were higher than those in suburbs (P<0.001) .The concentrations of serum VB_(12) of preschool children in Beijing, Zhuhai, Chongqing, Wuhan were 840,772,756 and 735 pg/ml respectively. 1.5% preschool children serum VB_(12) below 200 pg/ml (as VB_(12) deficiency), and 3.2% preschool children 200~300 pg/ml (as VB_(12) marginal deficiency) .The prevalence of VB_(12) deficiency and marginal deficiency of preschool children in urbans was lower than that in suburbs (P<0.05), and was 0.4% and 3.5%, 0.2% and 3.0%, 0.2% and 1.9%, 5.2% and 4.6%, in Beijing, Zhuhai, Chongqing, and Wuhan respectively. There were significant differences among 4 cities(P<0.001). The dietary intake and nutritional condition of VB_(12) of the children ware also different in 4 cities. Conclusion Low serum VB_(12) of preschool children was prevalent in China. The consumption of VB_(12) in animal foods determineed the levels of serum VB_(12) for the preschool children.