蓝莓花色苷单体改善老龄小鼠学习记忆的研究

目的探讨蓝莓花色苷单体(矢车菊-3-O-半乳糖苷)对老龄小鼠学习记忆功能的改善作用。方法15月龄昆明小鼠24只,按体重随机分为对照(control,Cont)、蓝莓提取物(blueberry extracts,BBE)和蓝莓花色苷单体(blueberry monomer,BBM)3组。对照组小鼠灌胃蒸馏水;蓝莓提取物及其单体的灌胃剂量分别为200和50mg/kgbw·d,干预期6w。干预结束后,用Morris水迷宫实验和避暗实验检测小鼠的学习记忆能力;同时检测脑组织脂褐质含量以及血清、脑组织中丙二醛(MDA)含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性的变化。结果与对照组比较,BBE组和BBM组小鼠的避暗潜伏期明显延长(P<0.05);Morris水迷宫中的逃避潜伏期明显缩短(P<0.05),在平台象限的持续时间明显延长(P<0.05),穿越次数增加(P<0.05);同时脑组织中脂褐质含量明显降低(P<0.01);血清、脑组织中MDA含量显著下降(P<0.05,P<0.01),而SOD活性明显升高(P<0.01)。上述变化在BBE组和BBM组之间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论蓝莓矢车菊-3-O-半乳糖苷单体能够显著改善老龄小鼠学习记忆功能,其作用机制与减少脑组织中脂褐质的积累、提高抗氧化防御系统功能有关。

STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF ANTHOCYANIN FROM BLUEBERRY ON IMPROVING LEARNING AND MEMORY IN AGED MICE

Objective To investigate the effects of anthocyanin from blueberry on learning and memory in aged mice.Method Twenty-four Kunming mice aged 15-mo were randomly divided into control group(Cont),blueberry extracts group(BBE)and blueberry monomer group(BBM).The mice in the Cont,BBE and BBMand passive avoidance test.The contents of lipofuscin in brain tissues,the contents of malondialdehyde(MDA) and the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)in plasma and brain tissue were detected separately.Results Compared with control group,the retention latency in passive avoidance test in BBE and BBM group wassignificantly increased(P<0.05).The escape latency in Morris water maze in BBE and BBM group was significantly shorter(P<0.05)than those in Cont group.The time in the quadrant was longer and the number of crossing platform was significantly increased(P<0.05).The levels of lipofuscin in brain tissue and MDA in plasma and brain tissue were significantly decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),while the activity of SOD in plasma and brain tissue was significantly increased(P<0.01).The differences in cognitive performance between BBEand BBM group were not significant (P＞0.05).Conclusion Cyanidin-3-O-galactoside from blueberry could improve learning and memory in aged mice significantly.The mechanism of its effects might be related to reducing the levels of lipofuscin in brain and enhancing the function of antioxidant defence system.