六种鳞翅目昆虫的食用营养成分分析

目的：分析６种鳞翅目昆虫的蛋白质含量和蛋白氨基酸的组成。结果：６种昆虫均含有较丰富的蛋白质，除亚洲玉米螟、棉红铃虫和米蛾的幼虫以外，其余的蛋白质含量均在４１％以上，最高的达７５．２％。脂肪的含量变化较大，菜粉蝶、桑蚕的含量在８．５２％～１５．６７％之间，其余的在１９．３５％～４９．４８％之间。氨基酸含量为２５％～７１％；必需氨基酸占总氨基酸含量的３２．５０％～４９．７６％，除５龄桑蚕外，其余的种类均在４０％以上。６种昆虫的第一限制性氨基酸为含硫氨基酸，即蛋氨酸和胱氨酸，其氨基酸分（ＡＡＳ）在３１～６６之间。桑蚕、菜粉蝶、亚洲玉米螟、米蛾等幼虫的第二限制性氨基酸为亮氨酸。棉红铃虫则无第二限制性氨基酸。６种昆虫均含有一定的微量元素和矿物质，其中桑蚕含有较高的钙

ANALYSIS OF NUTRITIONAL COMPONENT OF SIX SPECIES OF INSECTS OF LEPIDOPTERA

Studies were conducted to evaluate the nutritional value of 6 species of insect of Lepidoptera chemically. The insects analyzed were Pectinophora gossypeilla Saunders (Larva), Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton)(Larva),Ostrinia furnacalis(Guenee)(Larva),Bombyx mori(Linnaeus)(4 and 5th instar Larva), Antheraea penyi Guerin Meneville (Male adult),Pieris rapae Linnaeus (Larva). The result showed that they contained more than 41% protein with highest 75.2% except Pectinophora gossypeilla, Corcyra cephalonica, Ostrinia furnacalis. There existed greatly difference in fat content, 8.52%-15.67% in Pieris rapae, Bombyx mori and 19.35%-49.48% in other species. The insects contained 25%-71% amino acid. The ratio of essential amino acid to total amino acid was 32.50%-49.76%, higher than 40% except Bombyx mori which was 32.50%. The first limiting amino acid in all samples was sulphur containing amino acid with the amino acid score 31-66. The second limiting amino acid was Leucine in Bombyx mori, Pieris rapae, Ostrinia furnacalis, Corcyra cephalonica, no second limiting amino acid in Pectinophora gossypeilla. It also showed that the bombyx mori was rich in calcium and almost all sample contained Mg, Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu etc.