392例青年脑卒中的病因及危险因素分析

目的 探讨青年脑卒中的病因及危险因素.方法 回顾性分析连续住院的392例青年脑卒中患者(年龄≤45岁)的临床资料,分析其病因及危险因素.结果 青年缺血性脑卒中最常见的病因是动脉粥样硬化(48.70%,112/230),其次是心源性脑栓塞(13.04%,30/230).青年出血性脑卒中主要的病因是高血压(39.51%,64/162),其次是颅内动脉瘤(14.81%,24/162)和脑血管畸形(10.49%,17/162).青年脑卒中的危险因素是高血压(40.31%,158/392)、吸烟(36.22%,142/392)、饮酒(33.93%,133/392)、脑卒中史(13.78%,54/392)、高脂血症(11.99%,47/392),其他有心脏病(9.69%,38/392)、脑卒中家族史(8.16%,32/392)、糖尿病(5.36%,21/392)等.对160例及110例患者分别进行同型半胱氨酸和抗心磷脂抗体测定,阳性率分别为39.38%(63/160)和3.64%(4/110).结论 青年缺血性脑卒中最常见的病因是动脉粥样硬化,其次是心源性脑栓塞;青年出血性脑卒中最常见的病因是高血压,其次是颅内动脉瘤、脑血管畸形.青年脑卒中的危险因素有高血压、吸烟、饮酒、脑卒中史、高脂血症,其他有心脏病、脑卒中家族史、糖尿病、高同型半胱氨酸血症等.

Analysis of the causes and risk factors of cerebral stroke in 392 young patients

Objective To explore the causes and risk factors of cerebral stroke in young adults.Method The clinical data of 392 young patients (≤45 years old) of cerebral stroke were analyzed retrospectively,and analyzed its causes and risk factors. Results The most common etiology in youth ischemic cerebral stroke was atherosclerosis (48.70%, 112/230), followed by cardiogenic cerebral embolism (13.04% ,30/230). The main cause in youth hemorrhagic cerebral stroke was hypertension (39.51% ,64/162), followed by intracranial aneurysm(14.81%,24/162) and cerebral vascular malformation(10.49%,17/162). The main risk factors for young patients with cerebral stroke were hypertension (40.31% ,158/392),smoking (36.22%, 142/392),drinking (33.93%, 133/392),prior stroke (13.78% ,54/392),hyperlipidemia (11.99% ,47/392), others were heart disease (9.69% ,38/392), family history of strokehistories (8.16%,32/392) and diabetes (5.36%,21/392) and so on. As far as 160 young patients and 110 young patients were detected separately homocysteine and anticardiolipin antibody, positive rates were 39.38%(63/160) and 3.64%(4/110) respectively. Conclusions The main etiological factor of ischemic cerebral stroke in young adults is atherosclerosis, cardiogenic cerebral embolism is followed. The main etiological factor of hemorrhagic cerebral stroke in young adults is hypertension, intracranial aneurysm and cerebral vascular malformation are followed. The order of risk factors for the young patients with cerebralstroke were hypertension, smoking,drinking, prior stroke, hyperlipidemia,heart disease, family history of stroke-histories, diabetes and hyperhomocysteinemia.