幽门螺杆菌感染相关因素的研究进展

幽门螺杆菌（HP）是革兰阴性微需氧的螺旋样杆菌，主要通过口-口途径在人-人之间感染传播。HP的发现加深了人类对慢性感染、炎症和癌症之间关系的认识。其特定的螺旋形体型、鞭毛及动力、尿素酶和黏附素活性，以及细胞毒素基因A（cagA）、空泡细胞毒素基因A（vacA）等是影响HP感染研究较多的相关致病因素。HP感染在胃癌的发生、发展中可能具有重要作用，但尚未确切证实HP感染是导致胃癌的主因。文章概述了HP感染相关致病因素的研究进展。

Research progress on pathogenic factors related to Helicobacter pylori infection

Helicobacter pylori (HP) is a gram-negative microaerophilic spiral-like bacterium, which is mainly transmitted from person to person through oral-oral route. The discovery of Helicobacter pylori has deepened human understanding of the relationship between chronic infection, inflammation and cancer. Its specific spiral shape, flagella and its motility, urease and adhesin activity, as well as cytotoxin-related gene A(cagA) and vacuole cytotoxin gene A(vacA) are the most studied pathogenic factors affecting HP infection. HP infection may play an important role in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer, but it has not been confirmed that HP infection is the main cause of gastric cancer. This article summarizes the research progress of HP infection-related pathogenic factors.