军队病毒性肝炎的流行特征及其预防对策探讨

根据１９９２～１９９５年全军疫情报告资料分析，病毒性肝炎的报告发病数占传染病总报告发病数的３９．１％，居报告传染病首位。在各型肝炎中，甲型、乙型、非甲非乙和未分型肝炎各占３７．９％、３６．６％、２．６％、２２．９％；男性占９４．３％、女性５．７％；战士占６５．９％，干部占２９．３％，职工占１．７％，炊管人员占０．２％，离退休人员占１．２％。各年度肝炎的报告发病数相差不大，但一般每年１、２月份报告发病数稍低，３、４月份开始升高。病毒性肝炎已成为严重威胁部队官兵健康的主要传染病之一。因此部队今后应加强对病毒性肝炎的监测，强化各项预防和控制措施，开展肝炎疫苗的应用研究，不断改善基础卫生设施，以减少肝炎对部队的危害。

THE EPIDEMIC CHARACTERISTIC AND PREVENTIVE STRATEGY OF VIRAL HEPATITIS IN CHINESE ARMY

According to the epidemic data reported between 1992 and 1995,Viral hepatitis(VH) accounted for 39.1% of total cases and took the first place in the reported infectious diseases.In all kinds of VH ,hepatitis A,B,non-A non-B and unclassified were 37.9%, 36.6%, 2.6%, and 22.9% respectively;94.3% of cases were male,5.7% female; and 65.9% were soldiers,29.3% officers,1.7% workers, 0.2% the kitchen staff,and 1.2% retired members.The annual figures of cases changed very little,but the cases reported in January and February were lower than in other months.This indicated that VH was one of major infectious diseases which affected the health of soldiers and officers.To reduce the incidence of VH effectively,it was necessary for the army to establish the VH surveillance system,strengthen the measures of prevention and control,develop the applied research of VH, and improve the sanitary infrastructure.