湖北省低疟区流行病学特点与疟疾监测方法研究

以中华按蚊为唯一媒介的低疟区疟疾发病率已降到很低水平 ,疟疾流行病学特征也发生了相应变化 ,显示出输入病例增多 ,疫点高度分散的发病新特点。 95.38%的病例系在临床诊断为疟疾和疑似疟疾的二热病人血检中查到。因此在低疟区继续沿用现行的疟疾监测方法 ,即对所有发热病人血检已不合时宜 ,应将重点放在血检二热病人上 ,以提高血检效率 ,采用这种简化的疟疾监测措施 ,可以巩固疟防成果 ,节省大量的人力和经费。

Study on the Epidemiological Characteristics and Strategy of Surveillance in Low Endemic Areas of Malaria in Hubei

Due to good programs on case finding and control,malaria has decreased to a low level in China. Hence,the existing surveillance program of undertaking blood smear from cases with fever finds very few positives in the millions of examinees. Previously, all blood slides were collected from clinically diagnosed cases of malaria (group 1),suspected malaria cases (group 2),fever of unknown reasons (group 3) or common cold (group 4) in low or moderate malaria endemic areas in Hubei Province. In low prevalence areas, the positive rates on slides were 0.6/ 10 000 and 0.1/ 10 000 in group 3 and group 4 while 95.38 % of the confirmed malaria cases were from those having clinical malaria or suspected malaria. It is suggested that group 3 and group 4 be dropped from low prevalence areas to encourage greater efficiency in case detection in the clinical and the suspected malaria groups.