广西HIV-1首次流行的分子流行病学分析

目的　广西自1996年4月起在静脉吸毒者和卖血者中发现HIV感染者,为了解其传染来源和判断其流行趋势,对广西流行的HIV进行分子流行病学分析。方法　选取HIV抗体阳性血清标本44份,分别采用多肽酶免疫法(PEIA)和经逆转录PCR扩增作cDNA序列分析,分别确定其HIV-1基因亚型并加以比较。结果　结果表明广西存在4种HIV-1M组基因亚型,即B’(泰国B亚型)、C、D、E亚型。在静脉吸毒人群和性混乱者中存在HIV-1E亚型流行和C亚型感染者;而在卖血者中发现HIV-1B’和D亚型感染。结论　HIV-1D亚型感染和E亚型流行已在国内出现,E亚型病毒已由东南亚传入流行并将在我国南部形成新的流行区域。提出血清学分型方法可作为HIV-1基因亚型分析的筛选技术推广应用。

Molecular-epidemiological analysis of HIV-1 initial prevalence in Guangxi,China

Objective In April 1996,HIV-1 infection was first found among both commercial blood donors and IDUs in Guangxi. In order to identify the source of HIV-1 transmission and analyze the trend of HIV-1 epidemic, the study was carried out. Methods HIV-1 genetic subtypes were determined by peptide enzyme immunoassays (PEIA), RT-PCR and DNA sequencing. Results Four subtypes of Group M HIV-1 were found in Guangxi:subtype B' (Thai B), C,D and E. Subtype E and C (1 person) were circulating among IDUs and hetrosexual, while subtype B' and D (1 person) were among commercial blood donors. Subtype B' infections were discovered among a group of commercial blood donors and one of them was infected by subtype D. Conclusion It is the first report of subtype D infection and subtype E that were identified in China. This observation indicated that subtype E HIV-1 was spread into China from Southeast Asia, and a new epidemic region with subtype E HIV-1 would emerge in southern China. Serotyping might be a useful screening method for HIV-1 molecular epidemiological analysis.