北京市境外输入性新型冠状病毒感染者的流行特征分析

目的分析北京市境外输入性新型冠状病毒(新冠病毒)感染者的流行病学特征及疫苗接种对感染者病毒载量和疾病严重程度的影响。方法数据来源于中国疾病预防控制信息系统传染病报告信息管理系统和现场流行病学调查, 应用Excel 2010和SPSS 22.0软件进行数据整理和统计学分析。结果 2021年6月1日至9月30日, 北京市累计报告171例境外输入性新冠病毒感染者, 无症状感染者占66.67%(114/171)。输入国以菲律宾、阿联酋、英国和俄罗斯为主, 占67.84%(116/171)。感染者男女性别比为2∶1(114∶57);年龄M(Q1, Q3)为28(23, 36)岁;中国籍占80.12%(137/171)。对其中47例进行病毒全基因组测序, 76.60%(36/47)属于Delta变异株。疫苗接种率为60.82%(104/171), 其中疫苗全程接种率为53.80%(92/171)。13.53%(23/170)的感染者入境当天筛查出核酸阳性, 所有感染者均在28 d内检测出核酸阳性。未接种组疾病严重程度高于未全程接种组和全程接种组(P<0.001), 出现了1例重型和1例危重型...

Epidemiological characteristics of imported COVID-19 cases in Beijing

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of imported COVID-19 cases and the effect of vaccination on virus load and disease severity of the cases in Beijing. Methods The data of the imported COVID-19 cases in Beijing were collected from the National Notifiable Infectious Disease Reporting System of China Information for Disease Control and Prevention and Epidemiology investigation. The data were processed and analyzed by Excel 2010 and SPSS 22.0. Results From June 1 to September 30, 2021, a total of 171 imported COVID-19 cases were reported in Beijing, of which 66.67% (114/171) were asymptomatic. The cases were mainly from the Philippines, the United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom and the Russian Federation, accounting for 67.84% (116/171). The male to female ratio of the cases was 2:1 (114:57). The median age M (Q₁, Q₃) of the cases was 28 (23, 36) years. The cases of Chinese accounted for 80.12% (137/171). The sequencing of the whole genome of the virus in 47 imported COVID-19 cases showed that the proportion of Delta variant was 76.60% (36/47). The COVID-19 vaccination coverage rate in the cases was 60.82% (104/171), but the full vaccination coverage rate was 53.80% (92/171). In the imported COVID-19 cases, 13.53% (23/170) were screened to be SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid positive on the day when they arrived in Beijing, and all the cases were positive for 2019-nCoV nucleic acid within 28 days. The severity of the disease was higher in the unvaccinated group than in the partially vaccinated group and fully vaccinated group (P<0.001). In the unvaccinated group, there were 1 severe case and 1 critical case. The median Ct values M (Q₁,Q₃) of N gene and ORFlab gene in unvaccinated group were 32.51 (23.23, 36.06) and 32.78 (24.00, 36.38), respectively. There was no significant difference in the median of double-gene Ct value between the partially vaccinated group and the fully vaccinated group. Conclusions During the study period, most of the imported COVID-19 cases in Beijing were asymptomatic. No matter vaccinated or not, the viral loads in the COVID-19 cases were similar, but the vaccination could reduce the severity of the disease.