中国北方农村地区某县安全注射现况调查

目的：估计中国农村地区居民接受注射的频次和不安全注射的比例，分析产生不安全注射的主要因素，调查卫生服务人员和居民对安全注射的认知。方法：采用面向面问卷调查和现场观察相结合的方法对居民注射频次、注射器材的使用和管理、居民和卫生服务人员对安全注射的认知等内容进行调查。结果：1004名居民中，过去3个月至少接受1次注射的有145人（14．4％）、457次（0．46次／人），按年估计，每人每年接受注射的频次为1．84次。≤12岁和＞12岁两个年龄组接受预防和治疗注射的比例差异有显著性。一次性注射器使用率为94．4％。普通居民和卫生服务人员对安全注射的认知依然有限。结论：农村地区人均每年接受注射1．84次的结果是比较适度的，一次性注射器的使用率也很高。但如何正确合理地使用注射、提高卫生服务人员的自我保护意识和对安全注射的认知水平，如何加强对群众的健康教育，都值得卫生决策部门深入思考。

Rapid assessment of safety injection in one county, north rural area in China

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the frequency of injections and proportion of unsafe injections and to analyses the critical determinants of poor injection practices in general population in China. Also, to study knowledge, attitudes, practice research in providers and general population. METHODS: A random sample consisting residents and health care providers in a rural county was elected and interview about the frequency of received injection, as well as knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding injections were studied. RESULTS: Overall, 1 004 village residents, and 94 providers were interviewed. Among residents, 145 persons (14.4%), with 457 times (0.46 times per person) had received at least one injection during the previous 3 months. The frequency of injection was 1.84 per year. The proportion of received injections on treatment and immunizations was significantly different among > 12 years age group and < or = 12 years age group. Ninety-four point four percent of disposable syringes/needles were used for injections. Knowledge among the population and providers regarding injection safety was limited. CONCLUSION: Injections were moderately frequent in this rural area and the proportions of disposable syringes/needles used for injections was very high. Knowledge of safe injection and reasonable injection as well as consciousness of self-protection in the providers and residents need to be improved.