食管癌的遗传度、分离比估算及比较流行病学研究

本文通过遗传流行病学病例对照研究，对淮安４０７个家系（２４９个先证病例，１５８个对照），应用Ｌｉ－Ｍａｎｔｅｌ－Ｇａｒｔ和Ｆａｌｃｏｎｅｒ方法分别进行了分离比、遗传度估算及比较流行病学研究。结果显示，淮安食管癌的分离比为０．１３４７，明显低于０．２５，属多基因遗传方式，遗传度为２１．４１％，女性（２０．２３％）明显高于男性（１３．５７％）。同时对肺、胃、肝、大肠等部位癌症的遗传因素作用进行了比较流行病学研究，可见各部位癌症的分离比（除胃癌未见有关报道外）均小于０．２５，遗传度以胃癌和肝癌相对较高，分别为５２．４０％和５１．８５％。本研究为明确遗传因素与癌症的关系提供了有力证据。

Evaluation of Segregation Ratio and Hereditability of Esophageal Cancer-a Comparative Epidemiologic Study in Huai' an County

A genetic epidemiologic case-control study including 407 pedigrees (249 cases and 158 controls) was carried out to estimate the segregation ratio and the hereditability (h²) of esophageal cancer by using the method of Li-Mantel-Gart and Falconer, respectively, and to compare the genetic epidemiologic features from the other cancers.
The results showed that the segregation ratio of esophageal cancer was 0.1347, significantly less than 0.25 and the genetic model belonged to polygenetics. The h² of esophageal cancer was 21.41%, 20.23% for female and 13.57% for male. It is concluded that genetic factor is one of the risk factors for esophageal cancer and specially of importance for female, but it is not a main risk factor for esophageal cancer. The results of comparative epidemiologic study among the cancers of lung, stomach, liver and large bowel showed that the segregation ratios of the cancers (except stomach, no data) were all less than 0.25,and the h² of gastric and liver cancers were higher,which were 52.40% and 51.85%, respectively.