慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者流感疫苗和23价肺炎球菌多糖疫苗接种研究进展

近年来国内外慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者流感疫苗和23价肺炎球菌多糖疫苗（PPV23）接种有效性的相关研究发现，接种流感疫苗和PPV23可显著降低COPD患者的流感和肺炎感染风险，减少疾病的急性加重以及与之相关的住院，尤其是接种流感疫苗还可降低患者诱发缺血性心脏病、急性冠脉综合征、室性心律失常、肺癌、痴呆和死亡的风险，二者联合接种保护作用更加显著。国内外权威指南、共识均建议COPD患者接种流感疫苗和PPV23。目前国内流感疫苗和肺炎球菌疫苗接种率均偏低，且在COPD患者中的应用研究较少。应采取有效措施加强知识普及和指南宣传，提高疫苗接种率。同时还应进一步加强COPD患者接种流感和PPV23的临床研究，尤其是联合接种的临床效益分析，以切实改善COPD患者的生存现状和预后。

Progress in research of influenza vaccine and 23 valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine immunization in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

A comprehensive review of the research of the effectiveness of influenza vaccine and 23 valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) both at home and abroad in recent years showed that influenza vaccine and PPV23 immunization can significantly reduce the risk for influenza and pneumonia in COPD patients,and reduce the acute exacerbation of disease and related hospitalization.In particular,the influenza vaccination can also reduce the risk for ischemic heart disease,acute coronary syndrome,ventricular arrhythmia,lung cancer,dementia and death in the patients,and the immunization of both vaccines has a more significant protective effect.It is recommended by authoritative guidelines both at home and abroad that COPD patients can receive influenza vaccine and PPV23.At present,the coverage of domestic influenza and pneumococcal vaccines are low,and there are less studies in the applications of both vaccines in patients with COPD.Effective measures should be taken to strengthen the health education and increase the vaccination coverage.Additionally,the clinical research of influenza vaccine and PPV23 for COPD patients,especially the analysis on clinical benefit of immunization of both vaccines,should be further strengthened to effectively improve the survival and prognosis of COPD patients.