海南百岁老人血压水平及分布特征

目的探讨我国海南百岁老人血压水平的流行特征及影响因素,为进一步开展百岁老人血压相关研究提供基础数据。方法数据来源为中国海南百岁老人队列研究的横断面资料。该数据库是基于社区人群,包含问卷调查、体格检查和生理指标检测的全样本百岁老人研究,本研究共纳入的1002例百岁老人作为研究对象。根据《2018年中国高血压防治指南》提出的高血压诊断标准,描述高血压患病率及分布特征,分析高血压与主要影响因素的关联性。结果我国海南百岁老人SBP、DBP和脉压差的M水平分别为:152.0、76.0和76.5 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),女性均高于男性。高血压患病率为71.9%,以单纯性收缩期高血压为主,患病率为60.1%。多因素分析结果显示:在百岁老人中,女性人群的高血压患病风险是男性人群的1.624倍(95%CI:1.155~2.283),北部和中部人群的高血压患病风险分别是东部人群的0.625倍(95%CI:0.434~0.901)和0.586倍(95%CI:0.346~0.993)。结论我国海南百岁人群高血压患病率高于其他年龄人群,以单纯性收缩期高血压为主,呈性别和地区分布差异。

Distribution characteristics of blood pressure in Hainan centenarians

Objective To explore the blood pressure levels and the influencing factors of hypertension among Hainan centenarians, and provide basic data for the further blood pressure related studies of the centenarian population. Methods The baseline data were from China Hainan Centenarian Cohort Study (CHCCS). This cross-sectional data, based on the community population, was a complete sample study of centenarians, including questionnaire survey, physical examination and physiological index detection. A total of 1 002 centenarians were recruited to describe the blood pressure level. According to the guidelines for the prevention and treatment of hypertension in Chinese adults in 2018, the prevalence of hypertension was analyzed. Results The median levels of systolic blood pressure, diastolic pressure and pulse pressure were 152.0, 76.0 and 76.5 mmHg, respectively. Blood pressure level was higher in females than in males. The prevalence of hypertension was 71.9%, mainly in isolated systolic hypertension with the prevalence of 60.1%. The results of multivariate analysis showed that the risk of hypertension in women was higher than that in men (OR=1.624, 95%CI:1.155-2.283), and the risk of hypertension in the northern (OR=0.625, 95%CI:0.434-0.901) and central areas (OR=0.586, 95%CI:0.346-0.993) was lower than that of the Eastern. Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension, mainly in isolated systolic hypertension, showing gender and regional distribution differences.