苏州市社区建成环境与居民体力活动的关联分析

目的 了解苏州市居民体力活动水平，探索社区建成环境与居民体力活动的关联。方法 2017年采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法抽取苏州市25~64岁常住人群进行面对面调查，采用国际体力活动量表长卷（IPAQ-L）评估居民体力活动水平，采用居民环境步行量表简表（NEWS-A）评价社区建成环境主观感知。结果 苏州市居民过去1周总体力活动水平M=3 610.42 MET-min/w，以工作相关体力活动水平为主，交通、家务及休闲相关体力活动水平较低。控制社会人口学因素后，公共服务可及性与社区居民的总体力活动水平呈负相关（OR=0.522，95%CI：0.329~0.830），场所设施多样性与工作相关体力活动水平呈负相关（OR=0.701，95%CI：0.492~0.999），步行和自行车道设施与工作相关体力活动水平呈正相关（OR=1.603，95%CI：1.004~2.559）；交通安全与交通相关体力活动水平呈负相关（OR=0.642，95%CI：0.416~0.990）；住宅密度与休闲相关体力活动水平呈正相关（OR=1.001，95%CI：1.000~1.002）；此外，社区美观与舒适的主观感知程度越高，工作、交通、家务及总体力活动水平越高（OR=1.889，95%CI：1.176~3.033；OR=1.671，95%CI：1.120~2.495；OR=1.775，95%CI：1.143~2.756；OR=1.593，95%CI：1.079~2.350）。结论 完善步行道和自行车道设施、提高社区的美观和舒适程度对于增加居民体力活动有重要作用。

Association between perception of community environment and physical activity in residents in Suzhou

Objective To estimate physical activity level in residents in Suzhou and explore the association between community environment and physical activity level in local residents. Methods Through multistage stratified random sampling, residents aged 25-64 years in Suzhou were surveyed by face-to face interview in 2017. Physical activity levels were assessed by the international physical activity questionnaire-long version (IPAQ-L). Perceptions of community environment were assessed by Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale-Abbreviated (NEWS-A). Results Among the local residents surveyed in Suzhou,the median of weekly total physical activity level was 3 610.42 MET-min/w. The level of occupational physical activity was higher than that of transportation, household and leisure-time related physical activity levels. After controlling for socio-demographic factors, public service access was negatively associated with the overall physical activity level (OR=0.522,95%CI:0.329-0.830), land-use mix-diversity was negatively associated with the level of occupational physical activity level (OR=0.701,95%CI:0.492-0.999), infrastructure of walk and cycle ways was positively associated with occupational physical activity level (OR=1.603,95%CI:1.004-2.559); traffic hazards were negatively associated with the transportation physical activity level (OR=0.642,95%CI:0.416-0.990); residential building density was positively associated with leisure-time physical activity level (OR=1.001,95%CI:1.000-1.002), and the perceptions level of community environment were positively associated with the occupational, transportation, household and overall physical activity levels (OR=1.889,95%CI:1.176-3.033;OR=1.671,95%CI:1.120-2.495;OR=1.775,95%CI:1.143-2.756;OR=1.593,95%CI:1.079-2.350). Conclusion Improving infrastructure of walk and cycle ways and beautifying community environment play an important role in increasing the physical activity level of the residents.