北京城乡几种常见老年病流行病学调查

为了解影响老年人生存质量的几种凶老年病的现状和分布特点，用随机，整群抽样的方法对北京城乡１４３４例６０岁以上老年人进行问卷调查和体检。结果表明：在老年人中前列增生，老年聋，白内障，骨关节病，骨折，便秘患病率城市分别为６１．４％，５３．９％，４６．４％，２４．４％．１４．２％，１８．２％，乡村患病率分别为６５．７％，６４．７％，４４．４％，９．１％，２３．０％。

An Epidemiology Study on Common Diseases Among the Elderly in Beijing

In order to study the status and characteristics of some common diseases of elderly which seriously influence the Quality of Life of the elderly, 1434 elderly over 60 years old in the urban and rural areas of Beijing were investigated with a random sampling method. The results showed that prostate hyperplasia, deafness, cataract, osteoarthropathy, bone fracture and constipation among the elderly were 61.4%, 53.9%, 46.4%, 24.4%, 14.2% and 18.2% in the urban areas, and 65.7%, 64.7%, 44.4%, 14.9%, 9.1% and 23.0% in the rural areas respectively. The prevalence rates of osteoarthropathy (P < 0.01) and bone fracture (P < 0.01) were higher in the urban areas than in the rural areas (P < 0.01). In contrast, the prevalence rates of deafness (P < 0.01) and constipation (P < 0.05) of the elderly were higher in the rural than those in the urban. The prevalence rates of above diseases were lower when selfreporting than that by the medical examination, and also lower in the rural than in the urban (P < 0.01). Hence, the prevention and treatment of the common diseases of elderly should be strengthened, especially in the rural areas.